Le reentrainement a l'effort chez le sujet normal et le transplante cardiaque
Institution:
Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008)Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The goal of this study is to show the beneficial effects of a short-term, six week exercise endurance training program using a 45-minute square wave protocol (gimenez's sweet, 1982), in two groups, one of sedentary subjects (ns, n = 10), the other of heart transplanted recipients (htr, n= 10). The base work load was set at the intensity level corresponding to the ventilatory threshold in both populations, while the peak work load was set at the intensity level corresponding to the maximal tolerated power (mtp) in the ns and to 90% of the mtp in the htr. Two types of control exercise tests, an incremental exercise test and a 45-min. Endurance exercise test, were performed before and after training. A significant increase in the mtp (12% ns, 16% htr), and in the peak vo2 in ml min. Kg (9% ns, 13% htr) as well as a delay in the appearance of the ventilatory threshold expressed in terms of vo2 (30% ns, 27% htr) and a decrease of lactate concentration during exercise and recovery were observed. The endurance exercise test revealed a significant decreased in lactate levels (45% sn, 33% htr), in ventilation and in expired co2 in both groups. A significant decrease in the heart rate was also recorded at all times during exercise in both populations. These results confirm the objective improvements in the cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters induced by this type of endurance training program in the normal subjects as well as the heart transplanted recipient.
Abstract FR:
Le but de cette etude est de montrer les effets benefiques d'un entrainement court en endurance de six semaines selon un protocole en creneaux de 45 minutes (s. W. E. E. T. De gimenez, 1982) dans deux groupes, l'un de sujets sedentaires (sn, n = 10), l'autre de transplantes cardiaques (htr, n = 10). L'intensite des bases etait fixee au niveau du seuil ventilatoire dans les deux populations, celle des pics a celui de la pmt chez les sn et a 90% de la pmt chez les htr. Des epreuves de controle a charge croissante et en endurance ont ete effectuees avant et apres le programme d'entrainement. Une augmentation significative de la pmt (12% sn, 16% htr), de la vo2 pic exprimee en ml min. Kg (9% sn, 13% htr), une apparition plus tardive du seuil d'adaptation ventilatoire exprime en terme de vo2 (30% sn, 27% htr) et une baisse significative de la lactatemie au cours de l'effort et pendant la recuperation ont ete observees. L'epreuve de controle en endurance a revele une diminution significative de la lactatemie (45% sn, 33% htr), de la venti lation et du rejet de co2 dans les deux groupes. Une diminution significative de la fc a egalement ete enregistree a tous les moments de l'effort dans les deux populations. Ces resultats objectivent les ameliorations des parametres cardio-respiratoires et metaboliques induites par ce type d'entrainement aussi bien chez le sujet normal que le transplante cardiaque.