thesis

Caractérisation de systèmes mixtes α-cyclodextrine/lipide lyotrope

Defense date:

Jan. 1, 2008

Edit

Institution:

Paris 11

Disciplines:

Directors:

Abstract EN:

In this work, the aim was to investigate the interactions between two families of molecules which can be individually organizing a wide variety of supramolecular assemblies. The first family is the cyclodextrins which are known for their ability to form host-guest inclusion complexes with a wide variety of organic and inorganic compounds, changing most of chemical and physical properties of the guest molecules. The second family is the polar lipids which are known for their ability to organize spontaneously into a wide variety of supramolecular assemblies including liquid crystalline structures of different topologies such as a cubic, hexagonal or lamellar structures, micelles, microemulsions and vesicles. We were more particularly interested in buildings formed from two types of lipids having several properties of solubility in water: the first is a non-ionic alkyl glycosides, the octyl β-D-glucopyranoside, and, the secondly is polar lipids of class II, the phosphatidylcholine.

Abstract FR:

Les travaux effectués au cours de cette thèse portent sur les intéractions entre deux familles de molécules capables individuellement de former des édifices supramoléculaires organisés à l'échelle nanométrique: les cyclodextrines qui sont des macrocycles capables de former des complexes de type "hôte-invité" et les lipides polaires lyotropes qui sont dotés de propriétés uniques d'auto-organisation et de compartimentation de l'eau au sein d'architectures très variées. Nous nous sommes intéressés plus particulièrement aux édifices formés à partir de deux types de lipides ayant des propriétés de solubilité dans l'eau différentes: en premier lieu, un agent de surface soluble non-ionique dérivé de sucre: l'octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside et, en second lieu, différents lipides polaires lyotropes de classe II (quasi-insolubles dans l'eau) provenant tous de la famille des phosphatidylcholines.