Abstract FR:

The global spread of resistance to β-lactam is a major public health problem. The transmission routes of resistance are poorly understood, however, many arguments attest of the potential transfer of resistant bacteria and resistance gene between animals and humans. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the transfer of a resistance gene from an animal strain, Salmonella enterica Virchow to enterobacteria from human flora and the impact of a treatment with a β-lactam. In rat-human flora associated, the transfer of resistance gene is not detectable between S. Enterica Virchow and enterobacteria from human flora. However, inoculation of a recipient strain E. Coli is enough to observe the transmission of resistance gene. Selection pressure does not increase the gene transfer but contributes significantly to the selection and colonization of resistant Salmonella in the gastrointestinal tract. Considering pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, we confirm that the dose of the antibiotic is not appropriate in the presence of such strains. One of the proposed therapeutic strategies is to use a combination of β-lactamase inhibitors and β-lactam.