Abstract EN:

Intensive treatment prior to the injection of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) have a dual effect on the immune system: one hand, they damage the majority of peripheral T cells and with them most of the immunological memory of the patient and, secondly they are capable of altering anatomical areas involved in their differentiation. For allogeneic transplantation, these effects are exacerbated by immunosuppressive therapy given for prevention of graft versus host disease (GVHD), as well as by the latter if it occurs. Deprived of immunological memory, private as part of this capacity to rapidly regenerate a new T tell repertoire during the shorter or longer period of recovery, the patient will be exposed to risks of infection. Several ways of research are currently being developed to try to prevent and treat post-transplantation complications. We considered the opportunities for immune-intervention by adoptive transfer of T cells after transplantation, i. E. The means to accelerate the constitution in the recipient of a T tell repertoire to limit the infections episodes. These tell therapies can be considered as injections of either total T lymphocytes of the donor either T cells selected for their specificities. The first solution exhibiting at high risk of GVHD, we are mainly interested in the second, i. E. The immediate contribution of T cells with selected specificities for virures following the hematopoietic stem cells transplantation partially matched T depleted. We studied the role of specific T cells in the fight against infectious complications after transplantation.