La television culturelle : pertinence communicationnelle et economique
Institution:
Paris 3Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
Culture, television : two terms which appear to many to be deeply antagonistic. The history of religions and art, also that of communications or economics help to understand the origins of this feeling of opposition which makes cultural television seem like a paradoxical concept. However cultural channels exist : la 7, arte, la cinquieme, for example, and also arts&entertainments, pbs in the united states of america, tv ontario and radio-quebec in canada, channel four in england. Our thesis tries to show how culture can be broadcast by television. The channels studied mean three different things by the word culture : cultural identity, the process of education and the field of art, science and thought. According to their way of conceiving it, they are developping a sociocultural, educational, artistic, intellectual or "dramatic" type of communication through their editorial strategies - comprising their contractual, program and programing strategies. In order to reach their goals of communication, educational or artistic and intellectual channels have to use the media television in a way it is not commnly used. The economic relevance of cultural television is essentially a matter of public financing logic. But, so that the organisational consequences of this way of financing might be avoided, there is an industrial model, flexible, open to the environment, connected to a strategy of differentiation, a strategy of partnership, and even a global or multimedia strategy. Following the example of channel four, la 7, arte and la cinquieme decided on the same model. The theoritical paradox doesn't seem to concern the channels discussed. However, isn't it strange that these channels which reflect a culture of modernity exist at the time of the spread of postmodernist culture in society?
Abstract FR:
Culture,television : deux termes qui apparaissent a beaucoup de penseurs comme profondement antagonistes. L'histoire des religions et de l'art mais aussi celle de la communication ou de l'economie permettent de comprendre l'origine de ce sentiment d'opposition qui fait emerger la television culturelle comme concept paradoxal. Pourtant, il existe des chaines culturelles : la 7, arte, la cinquieme, par exemple, mais aussi a&e, pbs aux etats-unis, tv ontario, radio-quebec au canada, channel 4 en angleterre. En les etudiant, notre these vise a montrer comment la television peut diffuser de la culture. Les chaines etudiees entendent le mot culture de trois facons : comme identite culturelle, processus educatif ou ensemble d'oeuvres d'art, de science, de pensee. Selon leur conception, elles mettent en oeuvre une communication socioculturelle, educative, artistique et intellectuelle ou spectaculaire grace a leur strategie editoriale respective - composee de leur strategie contractuelle, leur strategie de programmes et leur strategie de programmation. Afin de mieux rejoindre leurs objectifs de communication, les chaines educatives ou artistiques et intellectuelles utilisent le media television pour partie contre son usage courant. La pertinence economique de la television culturelle passe principalement par une logique de financement public. Pour eviter les possibles consequences organisationnelles d'un tel financement, il existe un modele industriel, flexible, ouvert sur l'exterieur, lie a une strategie de differenciation et une strategie de partenariat voire a une strategie d'internationalisation et une strategie multimedia. A la suite de channel 4, la 7, arte et la cinquieme suivent ce modele de developpement. Le paradoxe theorique ne semble par concerner les chaines de notre corpus. Cependant, n'est-il pas curieux que des chaines s'appuyant sur une culture de la modernite soient developpees au moment ou la culture de la post-modernite envahit l'ensemble de la societe?