Les Intellectuels du Michoacan et les formes de l'état au Mexique : de l'exemplarité de l'assentiment à celle de la marginalisation
Institution:
Paris, EHESSDisciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The intellectuals of michoacan are personnified, between 1928 and 1966, typified case of mexicain intellectual. During a first phase, as an effect of the mexican populism which name is cardenism, they bringed the state together and they assumed conscientiously a role of organic intellectual. The figure of political intellectual appeared then and this statute, socially ambiguous - was guaranteed only inside the cardenist's subsystem and his action has been located at the intersection of socio- political and cultural areas. Their situation, notwithstanding, was that of a mino- rity. At a local level, their hegemony was more ideological than administrative. Their cas, however, was marginal. They were provincial and the centralisation pheno- menom was growing up. Their recognition by the state was transitory. The progressive liquidation of cardenism means for them a new evaluation of their relation to the state and also of their parameters of action and language. Their modifications were partially dissimulated by the permanence of a social image - the image of the left's intellectual or even the red intellectual. But their theorical references and reflexions were changing, and their position was more and more critical in relation to the state, which was contorted with its prerogatives in order to realize the mexican miracle.
Abstract FR:
Les intellectuels du michoacan incarnerent, entre 1928 et 1966, certains types d'intellectuels mexicains. Durant une premiere phase, sous l'effet de ce populisme mexicain que fut le cardenisme, ils se rapprocherent de l'etat et assumerent consciemment un role d'intellectuel organique. Surgit alors la figure de l'intellectuel politique, dont le statut, socialement ambigu, fut garanti au sein du soussysteme cardeniste, et dont l'action se situa a l'intersection des champs culturels et sociopolitiques. Leur situation, neanmoins, fut de minorite. Sur le plan local, leur "hegemonie" fut ideologique plutot qu'administrative. Leur cas en outre resta marginal. Ils etaient provinciaux a un moment ou la centralisation prenait de l'ampleur et leur reconnaissance par l'etat demeura transitoire. La liquidation progressive du cardenisme impliqua pour eux une reevaluation de leurs rapports a l'etat et donc de leurs parametres d'action et de discours - ainsi qu'une modification de leur statut. Celles-ci furent partiellement occultees par la pregnance d'une image sociale - celle de l'intellectuel de gauche, puis de l'intellectuel rouge. Toutefois, leur reflexion et leurs references theoriques varierent, les conduisant a une position de plus en plus critique face a l'etat, qui pour realiser le miracle mexicain, se crispa sur ses prerrogatives. . . .