La transformation des attitudes politiques des ouvriers : attitudes politiques d'ouvriers de "pays" de l'ouest de la France, dans les années 1990
Institution:
NantesDisciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
My initial findings showing blue-collar workers' patterns of variable political behaviour did not fit in with the uniform image of the working class struggling to change society. It therefore seemed worthwhile to find out whether there was indeed a link between working class social diversity and the diversity of political behaviour. My first concern was to try to find out if blue-collar workers had had and were used to occupying a particular place in politics. At all levels - in industrial disputes, strikes, demonstrations in trade union activity, within political parties, among elected representatives and members, in election practices, whether it be by participating or asserting a political choice, it was necessary to evaluate whether a specific nature of blue-collar workers' behaviour existed or not and if needs be ascertain whether this had changed. It was important to be able to show how blue-collar workers behaved in politics and also which workers might have such and such an attitude, for my initial aim was to put into perspective the diversity of political attitudes of blue-collar workers with relation to the diversity of their environments. All the enquiries were carried out in the south of the "pays de loire" region, among rural blue-collar workers from the vendee and from the areas around ancenis, cholet, chateaubriant, and among urban workers from the nantes-st nazaire industrial axis. The variation in their relationship to politics, from not being listed on the electoral roll to standing as candidate at elections, is put into perspective according to their involvement in the working class collective, their working class condition, the length of their religious education and the strength of their roots in a local setting. By linking and combining the elements which make up the different working class environments studied it is easier to understand how their political attitudes are formed - at all levels, and whatever the degree of involvement and their intrest in politics, and whatever their political preferences.
Abstract FR:
Le constat empirique de figures ouvrieres aux comportements politiques variables ne cadrait pas avec l'image homogene d'une classe ouvriere en lutte pour changer la societe. Il est apparu alors interessant de poser le probleme de l'existence d'un lien entre la diversite sociale ouvriere et la diversite des comportements politiques. La premiere preoccupation a ete de chercher a savoir si les ouvriers avaient eu et occupaient une place particuliere en politique. Dans les conflits sociaux, l'engagement syndical, dans les partis politiques, parmi les elus et les adherents, dans leur pratique electorale, que ce soit dans la participation ou l'affirmation d'un choix politique, a tous les niveaux, il fallait mesurer la realite ou non d'une specificite du comportement ouvrier et eventiellement si cela avait change. Il etait important de pouvoir montrer comment se comportaient les ouvriers en politique et quels ouvriers pouvaient avoir telles ou telles attitudes, car l'objectif initial etait de mettre en perspective la diversite des attitudes politiques des ouvriers en lien avec la diversite de leurs milieux. L'ensemble des investigations a ete conduit dans le sud des pays de la loire, aupres d'ouvriers ruraux de la vendee, des pays d'ancenis, du choletais et du castelbriantais, et d'ouvriers urbains du pole industriel nantes-saint-nazaire. La variation de leur rapport a la politique, de la non-inscription sur la liste electorale a la candidature a des elections, est mise en perspective selon leur implication collective ouvriere, leur condition ouvriere, la perennite de leur education religieuse et leur enracinement dans un espace local. L'articulation et la combinaison des elements qui composent les differents milieux ouvriers consideres, contribuent a une meilleure comprehension de la formation de leurs attitudes politiques a tous les niveaux, quel que soit le degre d'implication et leur interet pour la politique, et quels que soient leurs choix politiques.