La sensibilité à autrui : une question politique (la politique réformiste au début du XXe siècle et la solidarité)
Institution:
Paris 7Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
This study, based on analysis of texts written by politicians, sociologists, philosophers, is an attempt to demonstrate how, at the turn of the 20th century in france, the reformist republicans, who were in power at the time, wanted to set up a social demiocracy and regarded concern for other people as a matter of political interest. The first part, "the crisis of liberalism and the crisis of the state", shows how the social question has necessarily become a political question, which resulted in social laws. The second part, "the political expression of citizens and way of life feelings", focuses on the definition of republican way of life which, particularly through solidarity, imply governing social relationship and endowing people with a true democratic personnality, so that they might believe in republican values. The third part, "how to put solidarity into practice", illustrates through two examples (non-religious ethics at school and the law on associations), the way in which the institutions arouse republican feelings.
Abstract FR:
Ce travail, en se fondant sur des analyses de textes d'hommes politiques, de sociologues, de philosophes tente de montrer comment, au tournant du xxe siecle, en france, les republicains reformistes (alors au pouvoir) ont voulu etablir une democratie sociale et ont considere la sensibilite a autrui comme une question politique. La premiere partie "crise du liberalisme et crise de l'etat" montre comment la question sociale est necessairement devenue une question politique a laquelle a repondu la mise en place d'une legislation sociale. La deuxieme partie "l'expression politique du citoyen et les sentiments" approche la definition des moeurs republicaines qui, notamment au travers de la solidarite, sont appelees a regir les rapports sociaux, et a constituer chez les individus une veritable personnalite democratique, voulant faire des valeurs republicaines, une intime conviction. La troisieme partie, "apprendre la solidarite" illustre, a l'aide de deux exemples (l'ecole avec la morale laique et la loi sur les associations), la facon dont les institutions se chargent de susciter les sentiments republicains.