Sociologie de la télévision, sociologie de l'expérience : individus et télévision de masse
Institution:
Paris, EHESSDisciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The purpose of this study is to understand the nature of the relation between individuals and mass television. We show that television's success with widespread audience is based on the "connivance" between television programs that integrate the uncertainties and tensions of the social experience felt by its wide audeince, and socially dominated individuals who find in this programs a cultural field of subjectivity. The first part of the study presents an analysis that goes beyond the gap, recurrent in media sociology, between theories of alienation througt cultural industries and theories of audience gratification. The second part is devoted to an empirical observation of the making of successful programs, and to a reception analysis with seven socially differentiated groups. We show that individuals never dissociated their relation to television from the larger framework of their social experience. The third part aims at determining the political dimension of individual relation to television. We show, through a case study.
Abstract FR:
L'objet de cette recherche est de sairir la nature de la relation entre les individus et la televisin de masse. Il est montre que le succes populaire de la television se fonde sur la "connivence" entre une television qui integre dans ses programmes les incertitudes et les tensions de l'experience sociale de son public populaire, et des individus socialement domines qui trouvent de ce fait a la television un espace culturel de subjectivation. La premiere partie presente la construction d'une problematique depassant le clivage, interne a la sociologie des medias, entre les theories de l'alienation par les industries culturelles et les theories de la satisfaction par le marche des programmes. La seconde partie est consacree a l'observation empirique de la fabrication d'emissions a succes, ainsi qu'une etude de reception aupres de sept groupes socialement differencies. On montre ainsi que les individus ne separent jamais leur rapport a la television du cadre plus large de eur experience sociale. La troisieme partie s'attache a determiner la dimension politique de la relation a la television, en montrant, a travers une etude de cas, la maniere dont la television prend en charge et revele une