Le travail de la memoire au sein des familles de francais musulmans rapatries en alsace
Institution:
Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008)Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
Repatriated french muslims, and in particular "harkis", are still regarded with suspicion on both sides of the mediterranean sea. In algeria, "harkis" are still denouced as traitors and by extension, the term has become an insult synonymous with "pariah" or with "hatchet man". In france, during the algerian war, "harkis" were even identified with collaborators by one part of the public opinion. Later, it is the press which contributed to making the word "harki" the eponym of "repatriated french muslim". Incidentally, it relayed the process of "ethnicization" in progress within this populationn. Several generations later, one might claim to be a son of "harki" but one might also designate oneself or be referred to as a "harki" as many individual cases as individual strategies which are aimed at emphasizing a hidden aspect of one's identiy, at stigmatizing, or also at restoring one's dignity. In fact, this new form of assertive identiy reveals many "harkis" present will to speak of themselves as victims of their unfailing enlistment.
Abstract FR:
D'une rive a l'autre de la mediterranee, une suspicion persiste a l'encontre des f. M. R. En general et des harkis en particulier. En algerie, les harkis sont encore consideres comme des "traitres" et par extension, ce terme est devenu une insulte synonyme de paria ou de nervi. En france durant la guerre, une partie de l'opinion publique les identifiait a des collaborateurs. La presse a contribue ensuite a rendre le mot harki eponyme de francais musulman rapatrie. Incidemment, elle a relaye le processus d'ethnicisation en cours au sein de cette population. Apres plusieurs generations, on peut se dire fils de harki, mais on peut encore etre designe ou s'auto-designer comme harki. Autant de cas de figures que de strategies individuelles visant respectivement a mettre en avant un aspect cache dde son identite a stigmatiser, ou encore a restaurer sa dignite. En fait, cette nouvelle forme d'affirmation identitaire temoigne de la volonte actuelle d'un grand nombre de membres de la population harkie de se presenter collectivement comme les victimes de leur indefectible engagement.