Ecologie et politique au Brésil
Institution:
Paris 8Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The theme of the following thesis is the relation between ecology and policy in brazil first of all, we've analysed liberal and conservative conceptions based on the nature as far as a project of national construction is concerned. As a political and a social subject, ecology appeared in brazil about 1980. It comes from democratisation process of brazil society, that involves new social and political actors'emergence. The development of our work is divided in two parts. The first part deals with ecology as social association (ngo) and, the second one, with ecology as political party. Therefore, brazil green party survey has been developed in this line. Ecologist association is, among others, more important than green party. So, in a chapter, we've studied chico mendes'struggle and forest people's organisation to save amazonia. The great question coming from our thesis, is to know, if there is an independence space for ecology based on a socio-political way. For a deeply answer we've analysed programs of other brazil political parties. This, to make us able to precise how ecology theme is developed. According to green party, we've studied its origin, proclamation, program, government plan, election platform, political allies, electoral results and its juridical problems. To end, we've noticed, throughout a typology, the different theories of ecology conception. In conclusion, we've developed few proposals from intellectuals concerned by this subject.
Abstract FR:
Le theme de la presente these est le rapport entre l'ecologie et la politique au bresil. Tout d'abord, nous avons analyse les pensees liberale et conservatrice et leur conception dont le fondement est la nature en ce qui concerne un projet de construction nationale. L'ecologie en tant que sujet politique et social est apparue au bresil pendant les annees 1980. Il emerge du processus de democratisation de la societe bresilienne qui a favorise la resurgence de nouveaux acteurs sociaux et politiques. Nous avons developpe l'ecologisme en deux aspects: a) en tant que mouvement social; b) en tant que parti politique. Encore que nous ayons privilegie l'analyse du parti vert au bresil. Le mouvement ecologiste est notamment plus important que le parti proprement dit. Ainsi avons-nous consacre un chapitre a la lutte de chico mendes et a l'organisation des peuples de la foret pour sauver l'amazonie. La grande question de notre these est de savoir s'il existe un espace autonome pour l'ecologie au niveau socio-politique. Pour approfondir cette question, nous avons analyse les programmes des autres partis bresiliens afin d'en preciser la maniere dont le theme ecologie a ete aborde. Quant au parti vert, nous avons etudie : son origine, son manifeste, son programme, son programme de gouvernement, ses conventions, ses allies politiques, sa performance electorale, ses problemes juridiques. Ensuite, nous avons cherche a caracteriser, a travers une typologie, les differents courants de la pensee ecologiste. Dans la conclusion, nous avons developpe quelques propositions provenant des