Developpement rural et dynamique villageoise au burkina faso. L'exemple de daboura : province de la kossi
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Abstract EN:
The various state - controlled interventions in the country (especially in the cotton - growing areas of burkina faso) in order to give a fresh impetus to both social and economic development have brought about deep changes where peasants' cultivation systems and living conditions are concerned. As a matter of fact, thanks to the different development projects (that have been initiated since a beginning of the 70's), the development of cotton growing has been changing the productions by bringing new means of production (namely harnassed cultivation, tractors and phytosanitary pesticides). The consequences of this "revolution" not only include of increase of both cultivated areas and subsistence crops, but also a deintegration of traditional social structures. On the other hand, the food security resulting from rather good climatic conditions in the ares devoted to cotton growing along with the substantial income from this crop have acted as the trigger of a large - scale migration (from the central plateau) which, in its turn, increases population pressure but also raise the question of th migrants' integration, since the structures and social practices of their province of origin are different from those of the natives.
Abstract FR:
Les differentes interventions de l'etat dans les campagnes surtout dans la zone cotonniere, au burkina faso, pour impulser le developpement economique et social ont entraine de profondes modifications des systemes de culture ainsi que les conditions d'existence des paysans. En effet, grace, aux differents projets de developpement, amorces essentiellement au debut des annees 70, le developpement de la culture du coton va bouleverser les conditions de production (introduction de la culture attelee, du tracteur du traitement phytosanitaire etc. ). Les consequences seront non seulement l'augmentation des surfaces cultivees, de la production vivriere mais aussi une acceleration de la destructuration des structures sociales traditionnelles et l'amorce d'une differenciation sociale. D'autre part, la securite alimentaire offerte par la clemence des conditions climatiques de la zone cotonniere associee a la certitude de gains monetaires grace aux revenus du coton ont declenche un vaste mouvement migratoire en provenance du plateau central, ce qui accentue la pression demographique mais souleve aussi les questions de l'integration des migrants dans la mesure ou les structures et les pratiques sociales de leurs provinces d'origine sont tres differentes de celles des autochtones.