La place du "père" dans la fantasmatique maternelle en milieu martiniquais : quel père pour quel enfant ? Approche projective et analyse du dicours et du comportement maternel
Institution:
Paris 5Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The thesis concerns a clinical-psychology study into family "matrifocality" in martinique, and is based on a theoretical assumption that it is the mother who brings the child towards the father, through what the child hears about the father in the mother's speech. In early interaction, the mother will convey to the child her own interiorized parents. The principal hypothesis of the study is that the matrifocal arrangement prevails,whether the father is physically present or not. The investigation is directed at both the fantasized and the real third person. The combined method of interview, projective approach (rorschach text) and direct observation of early interactions, served as a support for investigation performed on two family groups of the single-parent and two-parent types. In single-parent families, the maternal grandmother occupies a central and all-powerful position and fulfils the role of symbolic father. These appears to exist a law whose transmission channel is the mother-daughter link and which is meant in the gift of the child to the grandmother as payment for a symbolic debt. In this mother-daughter dyad, the child constitutes an important stake. Thus the matrifocal link is perpetuated. From the subjective experience of the women in this group emerges the image of an all-powerful phallic mother who fixes the
Abstract FR:
Cette these porte sur une etude psychologique clinique de la "matrifocalite" familiale a la martinique et se fonde sur un suppose theorique selon lequel c'est la mere qui conduit l'enfant au pere, au travers de ce qu'il entend dire de lui dans la parole maternelle. Dans les interactions precoces, la mere va lui transmettre ses propres parents interiorises. L'hypothese principale de ce travail est que l'agencement matrifocal prevaut, que le pere soit ou non physiquement present. L'investigation a porte a la fois sur le tiers fantasmatique et le tiers reel. La methode combinee de l'entreprise, de l'approche projective (test du rorschach) et de l'observation directe des interactions precoces, a servi de support a l'investigation menee sur deux groupes familiaux de type monoparental et de type biparental. Dans les familles monoparentales, la grand-mere maternelle occupe une position centrale et toute puissance et fait fonction de pere symbolique. Il semble y exister une loi dont la voie de transmission serait le lien mere-fille et qui se signifierait dans le don de l'enfant a la grand-mere en paiement d'une dette