Representation de sa maladie et strategies de faire face a l'adolescence. Une approche interractionniste de sujets atteints de cancer ou de diabete
Institution:
Toulouse 2Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
This research project attempts to demonstrate that it is not so much the objective situation (here, the nature of the sickness, suffering from cancer or insulin-dependent diabetes) that influences the strategies adopted by the subjects as the representation they make of it. Relating different levels of analysis (socio-biological factors, psychological resources, representation of the sickness, transient states and personalisation strategies) brings in new considerations allowing the reactions and actions of adolescents suffering from a serious sickness to be better understood. The general hypothesis postulates the implementation of coping strategies and the subject's reactions to his or her illness (anxiety state, difficulties forming projects and changes in perspectives for the future) do not mainly depend on the nature of the sickness but on the representation the patient makes of it together with sociobiographical (age, sex and the parents' socio-professional level) and psychological (anxiety trait, self-esteem, self future and style of project) variables. The level of anxiety is mainly related to the meaning the sickness assumes for the patient but also to the nature of the sickness itself and the style of the subject's project. The subject's difficulties in devising projects and future perspectives are not determined by the sickness itself but are influenced by the representation he or she makes of it, associated with psychological resources. Coping strategies implemented are not so much related to the nature of the sickness but rather to the representations the subject has thereof, with certain sociobiographical and psychological factors determining or predicting their implementation. Keywords: representation, sickness, stragies, style, coping, interaction oriented approach, adolescent, cancer, insulin-dependent diabetes, psychological resources, sociobiographical resources.
Abstract FR:
Cette recherche tente de demontrer, que ce n'est pas tant la situation objective (ici, la nature de la maladie : le fait d'etre atteint d'un cancer ou d'un diabete insulino-dependant) qui influence les strategies que les sujets utilisent, mais la representation qu'ils en ont. La mise en relation des differents niveaux d'analyses (facteurs sociobiographiques, ressources psychologiques, representatiion de la maladie, etats transitoires, strategies de personnalisation), apportent des elements nouveaux, permettant d'apprehender les reactions et les actions d'adolescents atteints d'une maladie grave. L'hypothese generale postule que la mise en place de strategies de faire face (strategies de coping), et les reactions du sujet a sa maladie (anxiete-etat, difficultes a faire des projets, alteration des perspectives temporelles futures), ne dependent pas principalement de la nature de la maladie, mais de la representation que le sujet s'en fait, ainsi que des variables sociobiographiques (age, sexe,niveau socio-professionnel des parents) et psychologiques (anxiete-trait, estime de soi, soi futur et style de projet). Le niveau d'anxiete est principalement lie a la signification que la maladie revet pour lui, mais aussi, a la nature de celle-ci, et au style de projet du sujet. Les difficultes du sujet a faire des projets et ses perspectives temporelles futures, ne sont pas determinees par la maladie elle-meme, mais sont influencees par les representations qu'il en a, associees a des ressources psychologiques. Les strategies de coping mises en place, ne sont pas tant liees, a la nature de la maladie, mais aux representations que le sujet en a, certains facteurs sociobiographiques et psychologiques venant determiner ou predire leur mises en place. Mots cles : representation, maladie, strategies, style, coping, approche interactionniste, adolescent, cancer, diabete insulino-dependant, ressources psychologiques, ressources sociobiographiques.