Contribution a l'etude de la communication ecrite chez l'enfant - elements pour une analyse semantico-pragmatique de textes d'ecoliers portugais (cm1 et cm2) : les actes de langage
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Abstract EN:
A contribution to the study of the written language of primary school age children is proposed here, with the assumption that the learning disabilities evidenced by children belonging to certain social groups may be due, to a great extent, to language differences. The analysis that has been carried out shows the relevance of the concept of illocutionary synonymy with respect to the description of language usage (information, greating, promise. . . ). The corpus of 240 written compositions (selected from a sample of 1200) has been analysed by means of a large number of grids, we have designed according to the taxonomy of illocutionary acts of searle (1972, 1982) and aston (1977) as well as to the theoretical framework of anscombre, berrendonner, ducrot, kerbrat-orecchioni. . . ). The data have been analysed as a function of the following variables : age, sex, private public school and social status. The main finding of this study are the establishement of the tendencies of the written communication of urban children (lisbon) and the identification of the most significant differences between the sub-groups we have observed.
Abstract FR:
On propose une contribution a l'etude de la langue ecrite de l'enfant a l'age de la scolarite elementaire, en tenant compte que les difficultes d'apprentissage chez les enfants de certains milieux sociaux seraient dues, en grande partie, aux differences de langage. Les analysis rendent compte de l'articulation entre une description des usages du langage (informer, saluer, promettre. . . ) et l'idee de synonymie illocutoire. Le depouillement du corpus de 240 textes composes par les ecoliers portugais (obtenu a partir d'un echantillon de 1200) a ete realise au moyen d'un nombre considerable de grilles construites, selon la taxonomie de searle (1972,1982) et d'aston (1977) ainsi que des descriptions de linguistes ou philosophes du langage (anscombre, berrendonner, ducrot, kerbrat-orecchioni. . . ). Les donnees sont triees selon les variables age, sexe, type d'enseignement et milieu social. Les resultats ont permis de reperer les tendances communes et les variations differentielles dans la gestion de la communication des enfants de lisbonne.