La femme et la melancolie
Institution:
Paris 7Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
Feminine identity as a structure is the basic issue analysed in this thesis. The discussion on the difference between male and female, studied in historical terms, shows that an essential break was made possible by the work of mourning in its most radical aspects, which allows to establish a link between melancholy and sublimation as a psychoanalytical concept. The absolute of the creation is opposed to the relative and therefore "normal" aspects of the circumscription of man within the global society, analysed as an ordinary "perverse" structure, predominantly in relation to the central concept of "surface". This work is therefore based on the study of the opposition between the psychotic structure and the perverse structure as its outcome (genetically, structurally, as well as in therapeutic terms). It might be also understood as the opposition between the inside, the guts, and the visual, between incorporation and the process of imaginary identification based on images (and consequently on the gaze, on appearance. . . ). Feminine identity, elaborated on mecanisms involving perversion and sublimation, which are variously linked together and which are the subject matter of phenomenology and anthropology, illustrates in a paradigmatic way the woman's elaboration of the image of her own body, which thwarts melancholy, although
Abstract FR:
L'identite feminine comme structure est au centre de ce travail. Ce qui est en question est la difference entre l'homme et la femme, etudiee dans une perspective historique, telle qu'une rupture essentielle ait pu se faire sur fond d'un travail de deuil, d'ou le lien entre la melancolie et la sublimation comme concept psychanalytique. L'absolu de la creation s'oppose a l'ordre du relatif, et notamment a tout ce qui releve de l'inscription "normale" de l'individu dans la societe, inscription analysee en termes de structure "perverse". Cette perversion ordinaire est envisagee principalement a partir du concept de "surface". Ce travail est donc fonde sur l'etude de l'opposition entre profondeur et surface, qui renvoie egalement a l'opposition entre structure psychotique et structure perverse (genetiquement, structurellement, et sur un plan therapeutique). Elle recouvre aussi l'opposition entre l'interiorite ou le visceral, entre l'incorporation et le processus d'identi fication imaginaire fondee sur des images (et par consequent sur le regard, l'apparence, etc. ). L'identification feminine, elaboree a partir de mecanismes impliquant divers alliages d'elements pervers et sublimatoires, fait l'objet d'une approche phenomenologique et anthropologique. Cette identification illustre de facon paradigmatique l'elaboration par la femme de son image du corps qui fait echec a la melancolie, tout en definissant les limites et les privileges de la femme en-deca et au-dela de la normalite.