Les Conditions cognitives de la formation d'actions sportives collectives
Institution:
Paris 5Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
The study of cognitive conditions in sportive collective actions development , in the context of collective sports learning and training, pose the theorical problem of action common referentials construction. Strategies and functional representations analysis of beginners and experimented subjects reveal the determinant character of anticipation and tactical decisions capacities in the efficiency of opposition actions. The study of motor realizations and communications show that beginners privilege the "a priori" selection of solutions independently of possible evolutions of opposition relations, and that preliminary and subsequent verbalizations play an important part in the progressive contruction of actions common referential. The analysis of the effects of two actions development programs in collective opposition situations confirm the interest to centre the first stage of learning on development of anticipation capacities of opposition relations evolution, and adapted tactical decisions rather than about mastery of more efficient solutions organisation and execution.
Abstract FR:
L'etude des conditions cognitives de la formation d'actions sportives collectives , dans le cadre de l'enseignement et de l'entrainement des sports collectifs pose le probleme theorique de la construction de referentiels communs d'action. L'analyse des strategies et des representations fonctionnelles de sujets debutants et experimentes revele le caractere determinant des capacites d'anticipation et de prise de decisions tactiques dans l'efficience des actions en opposition. L'etude des realisations motrices et des communications montre que les debutants privilegient la selection a priori des solutions independamment des evolutions possibles du rapport d'opposition , et que les echanges verbaux precedant et succedant aux actions jouent un role important dans l'elaboration progressive du referentiel commun. L'analyse des effets de deux programmes de formation d'actions collectives d'opposition confirme l'interet de centrer la premiere etape de l'apprentissage sur le developpement des capacites d'anticipation de l'evolution du rapport d'opposition et de decisions tactiques adaptees plutot que sur la maitrise de l'organisation et de l'execution des solutions les plus efficientes.