Hermeneutique et psychanalyse si proches. . . Si etrangeres
Institution:
Paris 7Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
Our research propose a confrontation between hermeneutics and psychoanalysis. Although one and the other appeal to the interpretation, our thesis is that the freudian method of investigation is + anti- hermeneutic ;. The meaning of this + anti-; which refer to the technical difference of interpretation is to elucidate considering two other involvements of hermeneutics in psychoanalysis: hermeneutics, as the research logic and as the philosophical theory of human understanding. The first part of our study apply to read some founders of philosophical hermeneutics, as schleiermacher, dilthey, heidegger and gadamer. This reading is guided by the question of otherness which we put forward as the motor of hermeneutic mouvement. Our study of different hermeneutic theories of understanding tries to underscore the dimension of message constituent of the birth of hermeneutics but forgetted today. The second part of our research is devoted to the debate in psychoanalysis, around the + hermeneutic turn ;. To examinate the caracteristic of revival of this turn, we apply to study differents authors who reinterpret the psychoanalysis in a hermeneutic point of view : p. Ricoeur, s. Viderman, d. Spence and r. Schafer. And then comes the examination of the jungian method, first explicit hermeneutic version of psychoanalysis. At last, we return to freud to establish, inspired by the work of laplanche, in particular, by his conception of seduction, translation and interpretation, why psychoanalysis is defined as stranger to any hermeneutic mouvement, exactely for the same reasons why freud was compelled to define his method in contrast to all psychosynthesis.
Abstract FR:
Notre travail propose une confrontation entre hermeneutique et psychanalyse. Bien que l'une et l'autre recourent a l'interpretation, notre these est que la methode d'investigation freudienne est une + anti-hermeneutique ;. La signification de cet "anti-" qui semble renvoyer d'abord a la difference technique d'interpretation est a elucider en consideration de deux autres implications de l'hermeneutique en psychanalyse : l'hermeneutique, en tant que logique de la recherche et l'hermeneutique, en tant que theorie philosophique de la comprehension humaine. La premiere partie de notre travail s'attache a une lecture de quelques auteurs fondateurs de l'hermeneutique philosophique, comme schleiermacher, dilthey, heidegger et gadamer. Elle a pour fil conducteur la question de l'alterite que nous avancons comme le ressort de la pensee hermeneutique. Notre etude de differentes theories de la comprehension au cours de l'histoire de l'hermeneutique tente de mettre en evidence un certain oubli de la dimension du message constitutive de la naissance de l'hermeneutique. La seconde partie est consacree au debat en psychanalyse, autour du dit + tournant hermeneutique ;. Notre travail tache d'en examiner le caractere de renouveau, a travers une etude critique de differents auteurs qui reinterpretent la doctrine psychanalytique dans une perspective hermeneutique : p. Ricoeur, s. Viderman, d. Spence et r. Schafer. Vient ensuite l'etude de la theorie de c. G. Jung, premier a se reclamer de l'hermeneutique. Le troisieme chapitre revient a freud, pour etablir, s'inspirant des travaux de jean laplanche, notamment sa propre conception de la seduction, de la traduction et de l'interpretation, en quoi la psychanalyse ne peut se definir que comme etrangere a tout mouvement hermeneutique, precisement pour les memes raisons qui obligeaient freud a opposer sa methode a toutes les formes de psychosynthese.