L'Etat et la politique agricole socialiste (1981-1988) en France
Institution:
Paris 2Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The victory of the left in 1981 has been of first importance ; it was the first alternation since 1958 ; moreover all of the socialist programme promised a radical change of the french society. In 1981, the socialist government tried to introduce a new agricultural policy and to establish a new relationship with the small unions in spite of the hostibility of fnsea, the dominant union favoured by the previous government of the right. But from the spring of 1982 till march 1983, the socialist had to with draw most of their reforms because of internal opposition and of european pressure. Some time after, the minister of agriculture was removed and the relation between fnsea and the public officials improved slightly. The reasons of this failure to implement the socialist electoral platform are several: the proposals were utopian or irrealistic; the opposition of the main farmers orgnisations (unions, chambers of agriculture ) to the socialist changes was strong; the political and economical conditions, both at the national and international level were unfavorable to the radical transformation proposed by the new government.
Abstract FR:
La victoire de la gauche de 1981 a ete un evenement. Il s agit de premiere alternance depuis 1958, de plus toutes les declarations programmatiques socialistes promettaient des changements d un type qui n avait jamais ete propose. Mais le developpement sur le long terme des contraintes politiques et economiques, nationale et internationales, auxquelles la gauche fut obligee de faire face apres 1981, a represente un element indeniable de continuite des politiques. Apartir de 1981, le nouveau ministre de l agriculture entendit a la fois inflechir la politique et instaurer le nouveau rapport avec la profession. Du printemps de 1982 jusqu en mars 1983, cependant, les contraintes internes et externes provoquerent une epoque de retrait de la politique agricole socialiste. Peu de temps apres le ministre a change et les relations entre la profession et les pouvoirs publics se sont renouvelees. On peut avancer des raisons de l echec de la politique agricole socialiste : l ecart entre la realite et la politique ; l opposition puissante de syndicat agricole ; la situation economique nationale et internationale dont l incidence etait de plus en plus marquee.