Le mouvement Amal et la crise libanaise
Institution:
Paris 2Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
I develop my study on the political and military leabanese movement : the amal shite movement : for instance, on the shite community in general and on the lebanon one in particular. An important subject evokes the preponderant fiddle tha t the leader of this leabanese community plays : the imam moussa sadr. The last one who restored his shite leabanese compatriots courage to claim their violated rights by successive political regimes. Mr sadr set up the shite islamic higher council, the under privileged movement and its armed hand "amal". Sadr acted as a conciliator during the leabanes e civil war. He's disappeared in 1978 in libya during an official visit up to now. This affair was not clarified. Hussein al-husseiny was followed, then in 1980 nabih berri became the leader of the movement and the shite council was under the direction of cheikh mohammad medhi chamsseddine. Nabih berri over came a great deal of trials like the israeli invasion and the february 1984 revolt against the palestianian people in the camp and the successive conflicts against nearly all the left-wing and against his shite rival the "hezbollah". He became minister in 1984, member of parliament then in 1992 he is voted into the chair.
Abstract FR:
Mon etude se deroule sur un mouvement politico-militaire libanais : le mouvement chi'ite "amal". Ainsi sur la communaute chi'ite en general et au liban en particulier. Un grand chapitre evoque le role preponderant du chef de cette communaute libanaise, l'imam moussa sadr. Ce dernier a donne a ses compatriotes chi'ites libanais le courage de reclamer leurs droits bafoues par les regimes libanais successifs. L'imam sadr a fonde le conseil superieur islamique chi'te et le mouvement des desherites et son bras arme "amal". Sadr a joue un role de conciliateur pendant la guerre civile libanaise. Il a disparu en libye en 1978 lors d'une visite officielle et jusqu'a ce jour-ci. Cette affaire n'a pas ete elucidee. Hussein al-husseiny se succedera puis en 1980 c'est nabih berri qui est devenu le chef du mouvement et le cheikh mohammad mehdi chamsseddine prit la direction du conseil chi'ite. Nabih berri a surmonte beaucoup d'epreuves telles que l'invasion israelienne du liban en 1982, la revolte du 6 fevrier 1984 contre le regime du president amine gemayel, ensuite la guerre contre les palestiniens dans les camps et conflits successifs contre presque tous les partis de gauche et contre son rival chi'ite le hezbollha. Il est devenu ministre en 1984 puis depute, et en 1992, il a ete elu president de la chambre des deputes.