Strategie et ideologie du parti socialiste (1971-1983) l'impossible adequation
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Abstract EN:
With a view to understanding the ideological changes undergone by the 1982 french socialist party, we have concentrated on showing that they originated in less emphasis being laid on ideology than on day-to-day politics. Right from the beginning of the 1960s and, as a consequence of the blumian conception of power becoming obsolete on the one hand and of the new political landscope brought about by the institutions of the 5th republic on the other hand, the socialists no longer considered taking power as an inaccessible target for a "social republic", or being in office as compromising with their conscience. Consequently, and under the influence of f. Mitterrand, the ideological message will serve as an instrument in implementing the strategy of the "union of the left" by denying the french communist party its hegemony on the working class and overlapping the social movement. The socialist party's political platform was thus to be diversely introduced to meet strategic requirements. Key issues such as the role of planning in a market economy, the nature of the state or worker-management control were to remain without clearcut answers. With ideological questions becoming subservient to the all-important necessity ok taking power and keeping it after 1981, it will be easier for the socialist party to rally round to the tenets of prevalent liberalism.
Abstract FR:
Afin de saisir la mutation du referentiel ideologique du ps francais de 1982, nous nous sommes attache a demontrer qu'elle etait induite d'une relativisation de l'ideologie au profit des seuls enjeux de pouvoir. Des le debut des annees soixante sous la double pression de l'essoufflement de la conception "blumiste" du pouvoir et du nouveau paysage politique dessine par les institutions de la 5eme republique, le pouvoir cessait d'etre pour les socialistes la cible inaccessible de la "republique sociale" ou un lieu de compromission. Des lors, sous l'influence de f. Mitterand, le discours ideologique sera utilise de maniere instrumentale au service de la strategie de l'union de la gauche en contestant au pcf son hegemonie sur le monde ouvrier et en "chevauchant" le mouvement social. Aussi, le projet politique su ps donnera-t-il lieu a des presentations fluctuant en fonction des imperatifs strategiques. Des questions aussi essentielles que les rapports plan-marche, nature de l'etat ou autogestion resteront sans reponse precise. La relativisation des questions ideologiques par rapport aux seuls imperatifs de la conquete, puis apres 1981, de la conservation du pouvoir favorisera le ralliement du ps au liberalisme dominant et lui interdira de definir un nouveau "dessein" indispensable a tout parti de "mouvement", le soumettant aux effets pervers d'un pragmatisme mal maitrise.