Les cultures politiques des sympathisants et adherents du front national. Enquetes dans le departement de l'isere
Institution:
Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble)Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
This thesis deals with the political cultures of national front sympathisers and members in the whole department of isere. The outcomes drawn out are based on two original surveys : in a first stage, 27 non directive interviews which induce subjects to talk as freely as possible ; in the second stage, a questionnaire sent to 644 people. The qualitative and quantative data analysis shows several lines of organisation in far right sympathisers' symbolical systems and brings coherent sets of representations to light. Three main registers of ideological azdhesion are drawn out of the corpus. They may be identified with the themes of "social conservation", "protest" and "revolution" and reveal the heterogeneity of national front sympathisers and members' ideological profiles. Furthermore the detailed study differentiates six specific cultural types with their own characteristics : protest heterodoxy, radicalised popular right wing, familial centrism, radical extreme right wing, "classical" neovichysm and neovichysm penetrated by fascism. The study of far right subjects' social representations allows to outline some symbolical universes common to all interviewees. This general view transcends the major patterns emphasized above and covers three major areas : the denial of the whole "political class" ; the questions linked to immigration ; all the insecurity concerns with a call for a more energetic repression of delinquency. The topics related to these salient issues correspond to the wellknown dimensions of far right electorate's authoritarianism and ethnocentrism and are centred
Abstract FR:
La these analyse les cultures politiques des sympathisants et adherents du front national dans l'ensemble du departement de l'isere. Les resultats s'appuient sur deux enquetes originales : dans une premiere etape. 27 interviews non directives d'expression libre ; en second lieu, un questionnaire postal auto-administre auquel ont repondu 644 personnes. L'etude des donnees qualitatives et quantatives montre l'existence de plusieurs orientations ideologiques chez les supporters de jean-marie le pen et la coherence de leurs systemes de representations. Trois grands registres d'adhesion se degagent autour des themes de la "conservation sociale", de la "protestation" et de la "revolution", montrant l'heterogeneite des profils ideologiques des sympathisants et adherents frontistes. A un niveau plus fin, l'etude met en lumiere six types differencies possedant leurs caracteristiques propres : heterodoxie protestataire, droite polulaire radicalisee, familio-centrisme, droite radicale, neo-vichysme "pur" et neo-vichysme d'impregnation fasciste. L'examen des representations frontistes confirme parallelement la presence d'univers symboliques communs a l'ensemble des individus interroges. Une culture globale existe, qui transcende les principaux modeles evoques plus haut et couvre trois grands champs : la critique de toute la "classe politique", les questions relatives a l'immigration ainsi que l'ensemble des preoccupations liees a l'insecurite avec un appel autoritaire a une plus grande repression de la delinquance. Les themes propres a ces divers enjeux correspondent aux dimensions classiques de l'autoritarisme et de l'ethnocentrisme dans l'electorat extreme-droitier et font echo aux principaux elements de la rhetorique lepeniste. Les perceptions du politique, de l'economique