Recherches sur la transparence dans la passation des conventions de délégation de services publics locaux
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Abstract EN:
Transparency has been introduced by the lawyer in the local public utilities in two phases. The first one consists in giving more rights to information to the users about the working of the utilities. Influenced by political matters and european right, the lawyer has,afterwards, institutedthe transparency in the organisation of public untilites and specially in the signing of delegation agreement. The emergence of this last expression is concomitant with the transparency. The first one determines the sphere of the second but the law didn't define it. Consequently, it will be necessary to explain the meaning of this word. It's as a minimun the whole methods of contracts (before analysed separetly) which allow a public person to intrust a third person with the conduct of a public utility. Like the delegation of public utility, transparency is a new word to design the whole publicity rules and procedures and competition before the passation of the public contract and, since 1993, some delegations of public utilities. The local elected members, the users and the candidates should understand that the juridical rules of the choice of the contractant have been respected. If a same idea of concurrency (and consequently the same varied and multiple controle) is common to the public contracts and to the delegations, in return, their methods are different. The "intuitu personae" latent in the public contracts is dominant in the delegations' regime. It explains the maintenance of the freedom of the delegatee choice and the freedom of the criteriom of this choice.
Abstract FR:
La transparence a ete introduite par le legislateur dans les services publics locaux en deux phases. La premiere a consiste a donner plus de droits a l'information aux usagers sur le fonctionnement des services. Sous la pression des affaires mediatico-politiques et du droit communautaire, le legislateur a ensuite institue la transparence dans l'organisation des services publics et, particulierement, dans la passation des conventions de delegation. L'emergence de cette derniere expression est concomitante a la transparence. La premiere determine le champ d'application de la seconde mais la loi ne l'a pas definie. Il conviendra donc de la cerner. Elle designe au minimun un ensemble de procedes contractuels-auparavant analyses sectoriellement-par lesquels une personne publique fait appel a un tiers pour gerer un service public. A l'instar de la delegation de service public, la transparence est un nouveau terme pour designer en ensemble de regles et procedures de publicite et mise en concurrence prealable a la passation des marches publics et,mise en concurrence prealable a la passation des marches publics et, depuis 1993, des delegations de service public. Il s'agit de rendre apparent aux elus locaux, usagers, concurrents le choix du cocontractant pour montrer le respect des regles juridiques et de la morale publique. Si une meme idee de transparence-et par consequent les memes controles diversifies et multiples - est commune aux marches publics et delegations de service public; en revanche leurs modalites different. L'intuitu personae, latent dans les marches publics,domine le regime des delegations. Il explique le maintien de la liberte de choix du delegataire et de la liberte des criteres de ce choix.