Le droit international de l'expulsion des étrangers : une étude comparative de la pratique des Etats africains et de celle des Etats occidentaux
Institution:
Paris 2Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
While international law recognizes the inherent right of each sovereign state to expel aliens within its domestic jurisdiction ; this power is, in fact, limited by customary rules, general principles or treaties. International law protects long term residents or persons who have famly ties in the territorial state. International law follows the rule that the expulsions which, inter alia, are arbitrary or don't afford individual sufficient opportunity to safeguard his property or family, are in violation of law ; are illegal. Unless for security reasons or in a case of force majeure, international law also requires that the individual concerned be informed of definite reasons for expulsion and be afforded an opportunity to communicate with representatives of his country in order to ensure that its nationals are afforded such basic protection. To protect such fundamental righs such as discriminatory or arbitrary arrest, the proper procedures for expulsion or detention of aliens should provide adequate notice of specific reasons for such action. International law requires the opportunity for the deportee to choose his destinati0n.
Abstract FR:
Le droit international general reconnait, certes, aux etats la liberte d'exclure les etrangers ; toutefois, l'exercice de cette competence territoriale rencontre de nombreuses limitations. En effet, certaines personnes, en raison de leur nationalite ou de leur qualite particuliere, de la duree de leur sejour ou de leurs liens familiaux, sont proteges contre l'expulsioin. Sauf en cas d'etat de necessite ou de force majeure, l'expulsion doit etre fondee sur des motifs legitimes ; ceux-ci doivent etre communiques a l'etranger et a l'etat dont il a la nationalite. L'expulsion doit egalement etre executee dans le respect des droits de la defense (delai, notification, controle administratif ou juridictionnel) et de facon humaine (prohibition des detentions arbitraires, protection des droits patrimoniaux, destination appropriee). Finalement, l'expulsion est un compromis entre la necessite de proteger les droits fondamentaux de l'individu et le souci de preserver la souverainete des etats.