L'etat actionnaire : ses droits, ses obligations, son impact dans la vie des societes exemples camerounais et francais
Institution:
Paris 11Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
With the current tendancy of the free-market in the 80's, the state has embarked on a structural change process as far as his part in the economic life is concerned. This current trend in more economic liberalism can be noted, not only in young countries which have recently launched into the way of economic progress like cameroon for a few decades, but also in free market economy countries like france for more than a decade, and in spite of the hight interventionist tradition. It follows that the state, with his wide prerogatives in all kinds of social relations and who used to be the main actor in economic activities, is taking part more prudently -in fact as a partner- in management of firm activities, by joining with individuals and private capital. In this context of 'state interventionism' which can be noticed in almost part of the world, the public shareholder's behaviour has to be studied, in connection with the specific rights he can enjoy, and the duties he has to carry out because of his financial supply in firms ; and also as a way of management of the partners properties, in the achivement of a particular economic aim. All the facts lead us to deal, through a critical analysis, with some basic points connected with the financial participation of the government as an owner of one part of the firm property. The main points are : - first, the current role played by the public capital, in the development of viable and efficient economic activities, while taking into account, the state new economic management structures, for he wants to adapt himself to the current economic context ; - secondly, the legal means which make it possible for the public shareholder to take part in firm management, no longer as the only owner of the registered capital, but more as a partner, since he shares the assets with other natural people and juristic people of the private law ; - finally, the economic and legal effect of such a public financial interest in the organization and management of firm activities, and in the economic area in general. In this attempt to find a new strategy which make it possible to adapt the public authorities's role and intervention means in the present context, it seems judicious for such a particular authority that have often followed his interventions, and to substitute for the exceptional. System applicable to this shareholder
Abstract FR:
La tendance actuelle d'un retour au "dogme liberal" de la gestion economique observee dans de nombreux pays depuis la fin des annees 80, a amene l'etat a s'engager, dans un processus de mutations structurelles en ce qui concerne son role d'acteur de la vie economique. Aussi bien dans les pays de tendance economique liberale tel que la france depuis plus d'une decennie -et ce malgre la forte tradition interventionniste ou encore de jeunes etats engages dans la voie du progres economique tel que le cameroun depuis plusieurs decennies, l'actionnaire public - l'etat en l'occurrence- reste encore le seul depositaire du 'pouvoir economique'. On assiste ainsi presque partout, a un mouvement croissant de desengagement voire dans certains cas, au retrait pur et simple de l'etat de ses fonctions economiques traditionnelles. Il s'agit dans ce nouveau contexte d'"interventionnisme etatique", d'etudier le comportement de l'actionnaire public au regard, non seulement, des droits de nature specifique qui lui sont souvent reserves, mais egalement des devoirs du fait de son apport financier dans le capital des societes. Ce qui amene a traiter, de facon critique, quelques points fondamentaux relatifs a la participation financiere de la personne publique en tant que detenteur d'elements du patrimoine de la societe a savoir, * le role qui est aujourd'hui celui du capital public- dans le developpement d'activites economiques viables et performantes ; * les moyens juridiques qui permettent cette participation de l'actionnaire public a la gestion des societes * enfin, l'incidence aux plans juridique et economique d'une participation financiere de l'etat en matiere d'organisation et de gestion des activites societales en particulier, et dans la sphere economique en general. Dans le contexte actuel de la 'mondialisation du marche', il apparait judicieux pour l'etat, de renoncer a ses nombreuses prerogatives de puissance publique, et de substituer au regime derogatoire du droit applicable a cet actionnaire, des normes plus rationelles de gestion des societes.