Abstract EN:

Up to now, and in spite of the democratization of 90's, the image of the postcolonial state can be distinguished in the black french speaking africa by the weakness of a consensus between the government and the governed. The government officially words for a state whose mission is to deal with national development, on the basis of modern concepts suited to the local context. In reality, the state often operates uneffectively and uses its power to serve provate ends. Some intellectuals support the official vision whether by conviction or by interest. For the same reasons, a part of the intelligentsia is opposed to the state in place. This state is also often rejected by the peasants in a subtle way ; they use their traditional structures and concepts to oppose the state because it fails to satisfy their expectations. Hence the urgency of creating a state which will be more effective and based on universal and democratic values shared by the majority of the society.