Abstract EN:

Security is a fundamental right and a precondition for the exercise of individual and collective freedom. However, the traditional institutional response against the rise of the phenomenon of crimes is ineffective or biased. Moreover, the feeling of insecurity related to everyday incivility is not only due to a reaction to the legally defined crime and the collapse of the public response, but it is also linked to deeper and diffuse dimensions, which refers to perceptions of the social world in which applications are more difficult to meet. In France, the new security concept was developed from the late 1970s. It is closely related to both the « governance », a fortiori the « new governance » and « community policing ». This trend is evident not only in France, but also around the world, including in Korea at the end of the twentieth century. Each of these countries has attempted to find a new solution to the problems of everyday security, ranging from the traditional method to the new approach. On the one hand, they tried not only to graft the idea of « community policing » in the mold of the system of state police, but also to create or revitalize the municipal police. On the other hand, diversified actors of security, from public sector to the private sector and the individual, began to actively participate in the management of local security with the emergence of the paradigm of co-responsibility towards the local security, and these two countries has tried to encourage this collaboration and effectively articulate the movement.