L'institution parlementaire face à la fonction législative communautaire : aspects du déficit démocratique
Institution:
Paris 2Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The denunciation of the democratic deficit is a central theme of the community construction. European parliament, often confined to a consultative role and yet in a strong position because of its legitimacy, campaigned from an early stage in favour of the resorption of democratic deficit. The demands of ep were highligted after he was elected by direct universel suffrage in 1979. Hereafter, every time treaties were revised, ep participation has increased steadily. The sea and teu enlargened the legislative duties of the ep, which reflected the institutional balance. The treaty of amsterdam follows this perspective by giving the ep the means to reach a share in a legislative function. The french parliament was slower to react but it follows the main stages in the building of ec to such an extend that its fate appears to be intertwined with that of the ep. Therefore parliamentaries delegations for the ec responsible for informing the senat an l'assemblee nationale, were set up after the 1979 elections while the reform of these delegations in 1990 is a consequence of sea. The revision of constitution of 1992, prior to the ratification of teu, allowed for a control of government's action regarding community matters through article 88-4 of the constitution. Evidently the future constitutional revision which is necessary before the ratification of the treaty of amsterdam is a guarantee for the french parliament that the question of its abilities will be reexamined. Nevertheless, the juridical instruments which the french and european parliament detain have reached a qualitative threshold which leads to believe that their future actions will be more centered on quantitative improvments of their respective powers.
Abstract FR:
La denonciation du deficit democratique est un theme central de la construction communautaire. Cantonne dans un role consultatif et fort de sa legitimite, le parlement europeen a tres tot milite en faveur de la resorption du deficit democratique. Les revendications du parlement europeen ont connu un nouvel essor apres que celui-ci a ete elu au suffrage universel direct en 1979. Depuis, a chaque revision des traites, sa participation a la fonction legislative a ete plus forte suivant une progression continue. L'acte unique et le traite sur l'union europeenne ont etendu les attributions legislatives du parlement europeen tout en s'attachant a preserver l'equilibre institutionnel. Le traite d'amsterdam s'inscrit dans cette perspective en offrant au parlement europeen le partage de la fonction legislative. La reaction du parlement francais a ete plus longue a se dessiner, mais elle suit les grandes etapes de l'edification de l'europe au point que son sort apparaisse lie avec celui du parlement europeen. Ainsi, des delegations parlementaires pour les communautes europeennes chargees d'informer le senat et l'assemblee nationale ont ete instaurees a la suite de l'election de 1979, tandis que la reforme de ces delegations en 1990 est une consequence de l'acte unique. La revision de la constitution en 1992, prealable a la ratification du traite de maastricht, a cree les conditions favorables a l'emergence d'un controle de l'action du gouvernement en matiere communautaire avec l'article 88-4 de la constitution. A n'en pas douter la future revision constitutionnelle, necessaire a la ratification du traite d'amsterdam, constitue la garantie pour le parlement francais que la question de ses pouvoirs sera a nouveau examinee. Neanmoins, les instruments juridiques dont sont dotes le parlement francais et le parlement europeen ont atteint un seuil qualitatif laissant presager que leurs actions futures seront davantage axees sur des ameliorations quantitatives de leurs pouvoirs respectifs.