L'indemnisation des propriétaires dépossédés par une opération de nationalisation : principes généraux et solutions françaises
Institution:
Paris 2Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
Every taking property by a state causes important legal problems, which the most important is this of compensation. The estimation of compensation calls into question two constitutional problems, that is correctness of compensation and equality of the dispossessed owners. The comparison of french solutions with those of the private law proves that francehas granted in the majority of cases incomplete compensations. The principle of equality between evicted legal entities was not always respected. Particularly after the second world war, the plurality of the assessments of evaluation has caused injustices. On the contrary, in 1981-82 the constitutional court has made sure that this principle was enforced. In the international law, the objections to the principle of compensation, which were very strong in the sixties, are now en decline. But the rules fixing the total amount of the compensation are not very precise.
Abstract FR:
Toute mesure de depossession cree des problemes juridiques importants dont le plus controverse est celui de l'indemnisation. L' estimation des indemnites ment en cause deux principes ayant valeur constitutionnelle, a savoir la justesse de l'indemnisation et l'egalite entre tous les proprietaires depossedes. La comparaison des solutions appliquees en france avec les methodes d'evaluation de droit prive prouve que l'etat francais a accorde dans la plupart des cas des indemnites incompletes. La regle de l'egalite entre les personnes lesee n'etait pas toujours respectee. Surtout apres la seconde guerre mondiale, la pluralite des criteres a entraine des injustices. Par contre, en 1981-82 le conseil constitutionnel a veille a son application. En droit international la contestation du principe de l'indemnisation, qui etait tres fort aux annees soixante, est en declin aujourd'hui. Mais les regles qui determinent le montant des indemnites, ne sont pas encore tres precises.