Abstract EN:

The international air transport system, has been characterized, by protectionnist policies of states. These policies have had their roots in the principale of air space sovereignty and became the legal rule which was laid down in the paris convention of 1919 and was repeates in article 1 of the chicago convention of 1944. After the failure to prompt a multilateral exchange of rights of trafic, the bilateral treaty developed as the principal diplomatic and political vehicle for these trades. As objects of the purely bilateral exchange, the freedom of the air were concedes only on the defensive reciprocity. The problems facing international aviation create pressure for regulatory reform. There are several directions in which a new order of air transport international regulation may go. One approch is the development of regionalism. This approch is now put to the test in practice within the europen communities , where mulatiralisme regional replaced the bilateralisme between the member states. The regionalisme could formulate also a common aviation policy to apply between the region and other regions. Another approch, is that of a move towards multilateralism. Given the differing interests of countries around the world. The general agreement on trade in services is an exemple of how liberalisation of several trades can be achieved if they are all negotiated together. This approche could help to liberalize trade in air services.