Sociologie électorale et communautés locales
Institution:
Bordeaux 1Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
The study of the evolution of cantonal elections during the vth republic shows a complete change. This cannot yet be considered as a stepping into line of local polls with national elections. An important distinction must be made between the change in the outline of the polls and the change in the candidates'speech, with is not so obvious. This evolutive process is founded on the transformation appearing in the electoral behaviour and on the strategies of the political parties towards the local polls. Meanwhile, certain areas still remain ardently traditional, emerging from the notion of local rooting of the candidates. Among them, the retiring candidates keep on playing a capital role. In order to grasp the evolution of cantonal election, it is essential to distinguish between rural polls and urban polls, something that is often neglected by general studies. These are influenced by the large variety of local situations which are conveyed at the time of cantonal elections. In spite of its pertinence, the model of "elections intermediaires" does not escape
Abstract FR:
L'etude de l'evolution des elections cantonales sous la v republique met en evidence une mutation profonde. Cependant celle-ci ne peut etre analysee comme un alignement du scrutin local sur les elections nationales. Une distinction importante doit etre operee entre la mutation de la configuration du scrutin, et celle du discours des candidats, beaucoup moins marquee. Ce processus evolutif trouve son origine dans la transformation des comportements des electeurs, et dans les strategies des partis politiques a l'egard des scrutins locaux. Cependant des poles de tradition subsistent, organises autour de la notion d'enracinement local des candidats. Parmi ceux-ci, les sortants jouent toujours un role fondamental. La distinction entre le scrutin rural et urbain s'avere determinante dans l'apprehension de l'evolution des cantonales, ce que negligent souvent les etudes globales. Celles-ci souffrent de la tres grande diversite des situations locales qui s'expriment a l'occasion du scrutin cantonal. Malgre sa pertinence, le modele des "elections intermediaires" n'echappe pas a cette critique inherente a toute explication du vote local basee sur des moyennes nationales.