La Force majeure dans le commerce international
Institution:
Paris 1Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The notion of "force majeure" figuresin all the juridic systems, but these differ as far to the characters which they attribute to it. The international trade agents confronted with this diversity, which is imperfectly resolved by the conflict of laws, had tried to found a solution with specific clauses or by recourse to arbitration in case of dispute. However, it is more by precising the manner to front the consequences of the difficulties created by the "force majeure" than by its definition that the protagonists had put in evidence an uniform procedure. The contractors do not wish to renounce to the contract execution : even when it is greatly compromised, whole is done to preserve a part of it. The solution has been made possible by the development of duties of each party. Two aspects have to be distinguished: mutual information and cooperation to minimize the consequence of the "force majeure".
Abstract FR:
La notion de force majeure figure dans les differents systemes juridiques, mais ceux-ci different quant aux caracteres qu'ils lui attribuent. Les agents du commerce international confrontes a cette diversite, que ne resout qu'imparfaitement les solutions proposees par les regles de conflit de lois, ont essaye de les resoudre a l'aide de clauses specifiques et du recours a l'arbitrage en cas de differends. Cependant, c'est en precisant la maniere de faire face aux consequences des difficultes creees par la force majeure, plus que par sa definition que les protagonistes ont mis en evidence une demarche uniforme. Les contractants ne souhaitent pas renoncer a l'execution du contrat: meme quand celle-ci est gravement compromise, tout est fait pour en preserver une parties. Cela a ete rendu possible par le developpement d'obligations pesant sur chacune des parties. Deux aspect doivent etre distingues: l'information mutuelle des parties et leur cooperation pour minimiser les consequences de la force majeure.