La politique criminelle au Maroc
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Abstract EN:
The main characteristic of the criminal policy in morocco is its double inspiration. 1) the first one is the islamic source (the koran and the tradition) 2) the second one is western (the french criminal law which is obviously a branch of the positive law). These two sources contain both common elements and elements of differenciation of the two sorts of criminal policy and generate internal and external conflicts in practise. Till 1912, the islamic penal law was applied according to the "malekite" school. It interprets the koran and the tradition according to the public interest in order to solve the problems it had to face. During the colonization, the criminal european law (french in particolar) has been introduced and applied. The first part of this study gather the questions relating to the protection and the respect of the individual in law and penal islamic procedure and also the defence of the society against deliquency by extra penalmeans and penal arrangements in the islamic criminal policy. The second part of this study is about the positive criminel law in morocco which has been introduced by the colonization and the criminal policy emaning from it the impact ot the criminal laws is very important. The moroccan judicial organization concerning the penal subject has been nearly the same as the one applied in france. Nowadays, the penal subject hasn't changed yet. It's always ruled by the
Abstract FR:
La politique criminelle marocaine se caracterise notamment par sa double inspiration: islamique (decoulant du coran et de la tradition) et occidentale (droit criminel francais qui est evidemment une branche du droit positif). Ces deux sources presentent a la fois des elements de rapprochement et de differenciation des deux types de politique criminelle et engendrent des conflits internes et externes dans la pratique. Jusqu'a 1912, la legislation penale islamique s'appliquait selon l'ecole malekite. Elle interpretait la coran et la tradition et se basait sur le principe de l'"interet general" pour apporter des solutions aux problemes poses sous le protectorat, le droit criminel europeen francais notamment, a ete introduit et applique. La premiere partie de cette etude regroupe les questions relatives au respect et a la protection de l'individu, en droit et procedure islamique et la defense de la societe contre la deviance et la delinquance par des moyens extrapenaux et des dispositions penales dans la politique criminelle islamique. La deuxieme partie traite du droit criminel positif introduit au maroc par le protectorat francais et la politique criminelle dont il emane. L'impact des lois criminelles est fort important. L'organisation judiciaire marocaine en matiere penale avait ete tres proche de celle appliquee dans la metropole. Aujourd'hui la matiere penale reste regie par le droit criminel francais, heritage d'une profonde influence avec, bien entendu, des modifications correspondant a l'esprit du droit musulman et des adaptations qui refletent la realite de la politique criminelle marocaine. Le modele