Abstract EN:

The political qualification allocated to a fact is variable, and makes difficult even impossible a clear definition of the fact which it qualifies. Even certain authors claim that there is no political offense. This particular variety of crime complies with opposed justifications according to the nature of the country. The Iranian legislator like his French counterpart having preferred the silence. The absence of legal criteria has conducted the doctrines towards an attempt to distinguish between political offenses and those of common law. These efforts have removed, partially, precariousness of the nature of political crimes. In both legal systems, the particular nature of the political crime entails the application of sentences specific to this type of offense. In addition to this criterion, there exist particularisms as for the substantive rules and the procedural rules. For example, extradition cannot be agreed on political matter. It seems to us that, the political offense, despite the vagueness that surrounds it, must attribute a separate place in the subjects of criminal law, it must be distinguished from the common law offense because it is about a type of independent offense who deserves an adequate sanctioning.