Kinshasa-ouest : étude de la formation et de l'intégration des quartiers urbains
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Bordeaux 3Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
The urbanization of the zairian capital, controlled before 1960, has been facing and acceleration of spontaneous development in urban areas since its independance. Wenow know that any spontaneous process results in both the disturbance of the natural environment and the smooth running of urban systems, since it oversteps some acceptable boundaries. A society has to correct this spontaneous process by trying to achieve a reorganisation likely to protect the natural environment and favour harmonious integration of the different parts of urban areas. Western kinshasa, spread out over about a quater of the dense surface of the urban area faces these problems of urbanization. The problems manifest themselves, for example, in the defectiveness and inadequacy of the infrastructure and urban equipment, and the deterioration of the environment. These factors prevent effective integration in the urban areas. To start a real policy of district integration the most urgent need is to carry out big chances, which must take into account the aspirations and spatial perception of the inhabitants. It is equally necessary to instigate a permanent dialogue betwen the different people concerned with the sociospatial formations (inhabitants and officials at all levels), to encourage popular participation in the different projects of development for their neighbourhoods and finally to clearly define the ares, which can be developed.
Abstract FR:
Controlee avant 1960, l'urbanisation de la capitale zairoise connait depuis l'accession du pays a l'independance, une acceleration du developpement spontane des quartiers. Or, nous savons que tout processus spontane a pour effet de troubler lemilieu naturel et de perturber le bon fonctionnement du systeme urbaine des lors que cette tendance aboutit a outrepasser certaines bornes acceptables. La societe doit corriger ce processus spontane en s'efforcant de parvenir a une reorganisation susceptible de preserver le milieu rural et favoriser l'integration harmonieuse des quartiers urbains. Kinshasa-ouest, etendu sur pres du quart de la superficie agglomeree de la region urbaine, est confronte a ces problemes d'urbanisation, dont les manifestations sont, entre autre, la defectuosite et la carence des equipements urbains, la degradation inquietante du cadre de vie, lesquelles constituent un frein pour l'integration des quartiers dans la region urbaine. Pour amorcer une veritable politique d'integration urbaine des quartiers, il est urgent de proceder a des changements profonds dans lesquels doivent etre pris en compte les aspirations et la perception spatiale des habitants. Il est egalement imperatif d'engager une concertation permanente entre les differents acteurs des formations socio-spatiales (habitants et responsables a tous les niveaux), d'encourager la participation populaire aux differents projets de developpement de leurs quartiers, enfin definit clairement les aires a amenager.