Le pétrole et le modèle du développement irakien : les effets économiques et spatiaux
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Montpellier 3Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
Iraq or mesopotamia as it was named before, owes much of its modern development to oil, as it has owed its very life since the dawn of human civilizations, in the days of the terraced gardens, to its two rivers, tigris and euphrates. As a matter of fact, iraq, since oil has been discovered, and more particularly, since its hydrocarbures have been nationalized in 1972, has met important transformations at the socio-economic level. Thanks to these transformations due to productive capacities and oil stocks, iraq has been able to carry out its economic development. Nevertheless, this multilateral development has not had a less important impact upon the social aspects (demography, emigration, urbanization, way of life, family life and structure etc. . . ) these are the points this research paper aims to bring out, even if the study is limited to the year 1980, when the iraq-iran war broke out. Iraq will certainly take up the period prior to 1980 again, as far as its development is concerned.
Abstract FR:
L'irak ou la mesopotamie comme on l'appelait autrefois doit beaucoup son developpement moderne au petrole, comme il doit sa vie depuis l'aube des civilisations humaines, depuis les jardins suspendus, a ses deux fleuves, le tigre et l'euphrate. En effet, l'irak, depuis la decouverte du petrole, notamment a partir de la nationalisation de ses hydrocarbures en 1972, a connu d'importantes transformations sur le plan socio-economique. Transformations dues aux capacites productives et aux reserves en petrole qui ont permis a l'irak d'effectuer un developpement economique. Cependant, ce developpement multilateral a eu un impact non moins important sur le social (demographie, emigration, urbanisation, mode de vie, famille etc. . . ). C'est ce que tend a mettre egalement en relief cette etude. Bien que cette derniere se limite a 1980, annee du declanchement de la guerre irako-iranienne, l'irak renouera certainement avec la periode anterieure a 1980 quant a la poursuite du processus de son developpement.