Abstract EN:

The school project allows both the perception of the meaning of the actor's own words and the confrontation between what they say and what they do. Its relation to puipil's attainments is less effective than in the case of a technical devic allow the objectivation of the social reality of school failure. The project is a witness of differences, in the sense t educational logics have also an effect. The analysis of the social discourse is an effective starting point to the obser the democratisation process : the elitist secondary schools (or junior high-schools) are the best ones. The school project may be distinguished by the choice they made between reinforcing technological education, detecting educational diffcult modernisation or optional forms leading to a streaming process. The values which inform these projects can be organised in significant networks of different types : industrial, compensatory, modernising, elitist or conservatist ones. The study school balance according to the type of the project highilights the fact that pupil's achievements are greater, and they less, within the group of projects which reveals lesser implication with the reform objectives, than in the group of pro with a heightened implication level. Working class children succeed better within schools having an elitist orientation in schools having an industrial or a modernising one. Orientation towards a technological third form are more frequent i modernising or compensatory schools. No type of secondary school succeds in reducing the social gap between attainment levels : the conservatist and the industrial ones multiply it by four, the elistist ones seeming to be less unjust, as it double it. No project of any type will optimise pupil's aspirations level : it's inside industrial and compensatory scho that pupil's orientation project reveals a bigger discouragement in frequenting high school until the last year.