Le traitement psychologique dans la maladie cancereuse
Institution:
Paris 8Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
In a systematic approach, the life of a individual is considered as a dynamic process involving interrelated psychological, physical and socio-cultural features. The individual is a self-prganizing system constantly exchanging energy and material with its environment and whose internal stability is maintained by an essentiallydynamic homeostasis in which the state of health is a process that depends on unceasing modification of the organism with this eco-system that may be subject to temporary periods of illness. "health" and "illness" are two phases of the same dynamic process. The stress that is an integral part of life triggers transient states of disequlibrium in the organism and, when prolonged, induces illness because it inhibits the individual's immunitory response. The ability to control stress or not, that is, the "ability to adapt" depends on the personality of the individual who may be giving a particular signification to the emotions and events of his life. The specific nature of the "terrain" of the cancer patient and the occurance of an event that causes emotional stress recalling the "loss of a loved object" during childhood, contributes to the generation and development of the disease. The psychosomatic approach to physical and psychic factors allows an overall comprehension of the person. Traditional medical treatment is thus completed by a psychotherapy in which the patient takes over and makes use of his
Abstract FR:
Dans une approche systemique, la vie d'un individu est consideree comme un processus dynamique impliquant des aspects psychologiques, physiques et socioculturels en interrelations. L'individu est un systeme auto-organise qui echange constamment energie et matiere avec son environnement et dont la stabilite interne est maintenue par une homeostasie essentiellement dynamique dans laquelle l'etat de sante est un processus lie aux modifications permanentes de l'organisme avec cet eco-systeme et qui connait des periodes temporaires de maladie. "sante" et "maladie" sont les phases d'un meme processus dynamique. Le stress qui fait partie integrante de la vie provoque dans l'organisme des etats transitoires de desequilibre et son action prolongee declenche la maladie car il inhibe la reponse immunitaire de l'individu. Sa gestion ou sa non-gestion, c'est-a-dire "sa faculte d'adaptation" depend de la personnalite de l'individu qui donne une signification particuliere a ses emotions et aux evenements de sa vie. La specificite du "terrain" du malade cancereux et l'apparition d'un evenement stressant emotionnel reactivant une "perte d'objet d'amour" survenue dans l'enfance contribuent a la genese et au developpement de la maladie cancereuse. L'approche psychosomatique tenant compte des facteurs physiques et psychiques permet d'apprehender la personne dans sa globalite. Le traitement medical classique se complete ainsi par une psychotherapie (. . . )