Abstract EN:

The subject of this thesis is "town planning as an electoral tool". It deals with urban landscape and population changes, the political causes of these urban changes, and their connections with the urban voting behaviour changes. It describes thirty years of urban changes within the city of strasbourg, using some new historical information sources. In that way, it gives a new and accurate description of the voting conditions in strasbourg during the fifth republic, and tries to separate the changing from the not changing voting behaviours during the same time. It presents the main aspects of the voting behaviour changes at the smallest geographical voting level available in france, which is the polling station. It uses for that purpose some techniques in data analysis such as spatial autocorrelation of factorial analysis to scan the votes and to give a sharp view of the leanings and the evolutions of the voting behaviours. Finally it presents the relationship observed between the urban changes and the voting behaviours and demonstrates that urbanism, or town planning, can be used as a voting tool. It proposes also to rename the notion of "oilitical space disposition" in "political space personality", which is more accurate and gives a better idea of all the factors which influence the voting behaviour of a geographical entity.