Les equipements socio-culturels, de la valeur d'usage aux usages de la valeur, en situation toulousaine
Institution:
Toulouse 2Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The collective equipments are constituted as values as a going concern intended to satisfy some social needs (functionalism), of which the subjacent requests and actions are rarely explained. So the questions raised concern the optimization (means), the satisfaction (aspirations) and the efficiency (social finalities). The special nature of the sociocultural equipments is to be urban equipments of social and cultural animation. They can't be reduced neither to simple infrastrutures, nor to collective atomized services. They appear at a point of intersection between: "space" and "use", "collective" and "local", "public" and "private". They are taken in a game of force's relations according to the institutionnal strategies (political parties, trade-unions, local organizations, associations, movements of urban struggles, users). Included into the socialization's process, they appear as true social-political and, to a lower extent, economical stakes. They are, at the time, "urban factor" and "object of realization", "structure-support of animation" and "element of social representation". Defined, for the general interest, as the market-out goods, from the sixties, the sociocultural equipments are depending on regularly planned or directed orientated systems. Often as guides, these dispositions permit approximate or even tendencious applyings. This normalization tends to a standardization of the object introducing the principle of cohesion in the realization. Illustrated by the toulouse situation. The sociocultural action maintains an educative constant (frompopular to permanent) through the changes observed since the end of the nineteenth century. But, the trends of a social economy become preponderant. Indicated in the toulouse context. The maladjustment of many realizations (various practises brought up for users) and the necessary adjustments to system's changes (the "mobilities") are translated into various forms of alteration. This element of social control calls for appropriation and sociability's talks which hide the problems of social order and economic property, the only ones able to question this power of control, in favour of the principal interested parties.
Abstract FR:
Les equipements collectifs sont constitues en valeurs d'usage destinees a satisfaire certains "besoins sociaux" (fonctionnalisme), dont les demandes et actions sous-jacentes sont rarement explicitees. Les questions soulevees concernent donc l'optimisation (moyens), la satisfaction (aspirations) et l'efficacite (finalites sociales). Les equipements socio-culturels ont la particularite d'etre des equipements urbains d'animation sociale et culturelle. Ne se reduisant ni a de simples infra-structures, ni a des services collectifs atomises, ils apparaissent a un point d'intersection entre: "espace" et "usage", "collectif" et "local", "public" et "prive". Ils sont pris dans un jeu de rapports de force suivant des strategies institutionnelles (appareils politiques, syndicats, collectivites locales, associations, mouvements de luttes urbaines, usagers). Inscrits dans les processus de socialisation, ils se presentent comme de veritables enjeux socio-politiques et, dans une moindre mesure, economiques. Ils sont tout a la fois, "facteur urbain" et "objet de realisation", "support-structure d'animation" et "element de representation sociale". Definis, au nom de l'interet general, comme des biens hors-marche, les equipements socio-culturels relevent a partir des annees 60, de systemes programmes ou orientes reglementairement. Souvent a titre indicatif, ces dispositions se pretent a des applications approximatives ou meme tendancieuses. Cette normalisation tend a une banalisation de l'objet en introduisant le principe de cohesion dans la realisation. Illustre par la situation toulousaine. L'action socio-culturelle maintient une constante educative (de populaire a permanente) a travers les mutations observees depuis fin du 19e s. Mais, les traits d'une economie sociale deviennent preponderants. Indique par le contexte toulousain. L'inadaption de nombre de realisations (diverses pratiques des usagers suscitees) et les necessaires ajustements aux mutations du systeme (les "mobilites") se traduisent par diverses formes de decalage. Cet element de controle social appelle des discours d'appriation et de sociabilite qui occultent les problemes de l'ordre social et de la propriete economique, seuls aptent a remettre en cause ce pouvoir de controle, en faveur des premiers interesses.