L'evolution de la gestion de l'education en iran
Institution:
CaenDisciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
Nowadays the leadership and administration of educational system in its different levels are considered as the difficult tasks of the society. In spite of the fact that there have been some efforts in order to ameliorate the conditions of administration, the leadership and administration of education in all imagined levels have not gained their real importance and there has not paged enough attention to the problems of the educational administration in many countries. In this research the evolution of the leadership and the laws of the educational administration in iran from the beginning to the present is compared to administrative phenomena like programming, organisation, conduction and control. There have also been some questions which have been answered in the text: how much was the development of programming as an administrative phenomenon emphasised ? has there been any control on the accomplishment and the results of the educational activities ? have the educational administrators conducted educational administration or according to their own tastes ? what kind of motivation were exerted by educational administrators as the mean of growth and prevention of deviation ? what have been the norms of selection and appointment of the educational administrators ? moreover, the question to be an answered in this study is whether, in the conditions after the islamic revolution of 1979, the political changes in the country have resulted in fundamental changes in organisational and administration of the educational system. This study consist of five parts. In the first part the iranian educational administration from the beginning until the constitutional revolution of 1906 has been studied. In the second part the principles of legislation and organisation in centralised educational of 1906 have been studied. In the third part the different stages of primary education ( from kindergarten to the end of high school) have been studied. The fourth part is devoted to the study of the higher education of the country. In the fifth part the basic problems of the educational systems like the centralised and discentralised educational systems and the differences between theory and practice in them are studied. Finally comes the conclusion, where suggestions for the fortification of the educational administration system have been made.
Abstract FR:
Aujourd'hui, la direction et la gestion du systeme educatif, dans ses differents niveaux, representent une entreprise difficile mais indispensable a la societe. Malgre toutes les tentatives effectuees durant ces dernieres decennies pour ameliorer la gestion educative, celle-ci n'est encore pas totalement resolue, il reste certains problemes lies a la direction du systeme educatif, dans cette etude, nous avons compare les finalites a travers les lois sur l'education en iran et les taches gestionnaires concernant la planification, l'organisation, l'orientation et le controle. Aussi nous avons tente de repondre aux questions posees telles que : 1- comment s'est-on appuye sur l'organisation pour realiser les grandes taches de gestion ? 2- y avait-il controle sur l'execution et le resultat des activites educatives ? 3- les directeurs educatifs orientaient-ils leur organisation en s'appuyant sur des principes scientifiques ou sur des choix personnels ? 4- quelles etaient les motivations employees par les directeurs educatifs comme support a la progression des eleves en se prevenant de toute deviance ? 5- quels etaient les criteres de choix et de nomination des directeurs educatifs ? aussi, dans la situation actuelle, celle de l'apres revolution islamique de 1979, la question qui se pose dans notre travail, est la suivante : le changement politique avait-il pu constituer un changement complementaire dans la perspective d'une nouvelle organisation du systeme d'enseignement et de la gestion educative en iran ? ce travail se decompose en 5 parties interdependantes. La premiere partie etudie la gestion de l'education en iran jusqu'a la revolution constitutionnelle de 1906, autrement dit, le systeme educatif traditionnel et decentralise. La deuxieme partie est reservee aux fondements legislatifs et a l'organisation de l'education centralisee apres la revolution constitutionnelle de 1906 une troisieme partie consiste a mettre en evidence et a etudier les differentes etapes de l'education de base gratuite ( de la maternelle a la fin du lycee), sous controle du ministere de l'education et de l'enseignement. La quatrieme partie est consacree a etudier l'enseignement superieur etatique du debut jusqu'a aujourd'hui, sous la surveillance du ministere de la culture et de l'enseignement superieur. Dans la cinquieme partie, nous avons traite des problemes essentiels de notre syst