La polyculture vivriere et son developpement dans le woleu-ntem. Contribution a la geographie rurale du nord gabon
Institution:
Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008)Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The food-producing agriculture in woleu-ntem has some significant assets. But the way the farmers develop them gives very small results. The production does not allow to reach a food self-sufficency. The drift from the land, the producti ve population ageing, the soils chemical poorness, the very little sunshine, the empiricism of the cultivation technics, the rudimentary agricultural equipments the great negligence ofthe administration, the inadequate and precarious infrastructures explain and perpetuate this situation. The future of this branch of activity does not seem very promising, especially since the young people are less and less interested by farm work. A real agricultural development turns out to be essential. It should aim at interesting all the farming population and attract all the young people to the farm work. It would be better to carry it out through the implementation of an overall policy. In that case, the government should quickly concentrate its efforts on making the producers aware of their responsabilities, on the progres sive changing of the land technics, on the marketing organization, on increasing the consumer market, on developing and introducing the necessary infrastructures.
Abstract FR:
L'agriculture vivriere du woleu-ntem a des atouts considerables. Mais leur valorisation, par les paysans, ne donne que des retombees faibles. Les productions ne permettent pas d'atteindre l'autosuffisance alimentaire. L'exode rural, le viellissement de la population productrice, la pauvrete des sols, la mediocrite de l' insolation, l'empirisme des techniques culturales, le caractere rudimentaire de l'outillage agricole, la negligence marquee des pouvoirs publics, l'insuffisance et la precarite des infrastructures expliquent et maintiennent cette situation. L'avenir de cette branche d'activites ne parait pas prometteur d'autant plus que les jeunes, devant l'assurer, se desinteressent du travail de la terre. Un developpement agricole authentique interessant toute la paysannerie et susceptible d'attirer les jeunes a l'exploitation de la terre s'avere indispensable. Il vaut mieux le realiser par l'application d'une politique d'ensemble. Il est alors souhaitable que l'etat porte diligemment ses efforts sur la responsabilisation des producteurs, le changement progressif des techniques agraires, l'organisation de la commercialisation, l'elargissement du marche de consommation, l'amenagement et l'introduction des infrastructures necessaires.