thesis

Croissance de la population et mutations agraires au Burundi

Defense date:

Jan. 1, 1994

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Institution:

Bordeaux 3

Disciplines:

Geography

Authors:

Directors:

Abstract EN:

Burundi's heavy population density (over 200 inhab. Sgk in 1990) is long standing, due in part to the structure of the past monarchy and the cohesion of the peasantry which was established under the favorable conditions of tropical highlan ds. Demographic pressure is shown to be the moving force in the transformation of rural systems. The extinction of cattl e herding; wetland cultivation and intensive farming are expanding from the highly populated center of the country to its surrounding areas. Intensive farming, joined to the increased mobility of the rural population answers self-sufficie ncy but cannot guaranty the development of the country.

Abstract FR:

Les fortes densites de population du burundi (plus de 200 hab au km2 en 1990) ont une origine ancienne qui tient a la fo is de l'encadrement par une monarchie ancienne et de la cohesion d'une paysannerie etablie dans un milieu favorable de m ontagne tropicale. La pression demographique se revele le moteur essentiel de la transformation des systemes agraires. L a disparition du pastoralisme, la mise en culture des marais, l'intensification des cultures se diffusent du centre tres peuple du pays vers sa peripherie. L'intensification jointe a une mobilite accrue de la population assurent l'autosubsi stance de la population mais ne peuvent assurer le developpement du pays.