Energie et developpement (avec reference a l'experience algerienne)
Institution:
Strasbourg 1Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
Our work is made up of three main parts : part one deals with the fluctuations of oil prices. First of all, it discusses the main explanations of the "oil crisis". Secondly it presents the mecanisms of the formation of prices on the internal market. This stage is very important in the sense that it not only gives some information about the sector of energy in algeria, but is also situates the relative importance of the different forms of energy faced to the demand. Has the algerian economy created the conditions to face the after-oil period? or is it always depending upon the oil export activities ? has the financial wealth drawn from oil been converted into productive wealth ? anwer to the questions is given in part two where one can find an analysis of the fluctuations of the financial ressources drawn from oil, and their impact on the economic activities as a whole. Part three deals with the interactions between energy and materials. Ciment as a high energetic aggregate represents a stake in algeria, it is regarded as a basic building aggregate for any industrialization project : plactic materials obtained from oil are endogeneous resources and are available (on a large scale, namely in the form of natural gas. They constitute a concrete material to be privileged. In terms of energetic compound they are very competitive in relation to the quasi-totality of the traditional materials (not available locally).
Abstract FR:
Notre travail comprend trois parties essentielles. On y trouve une etude sur les fluctuations du prix du petrole dans laquelle on decrit d'abord : les principales explications de la "crise" petroliere ; puis on presente le mecanisme de formation des prix sur le marche interne. Cette etape est interessante pour la connaissance du secteur de l'energie en algerie, et pour situer l'importance relative des differentes formes d'energie satisfaisant la demande. L'economie algerienne a-t-elle cree les conditions de l'apres-petrole, ou est-elle toujours dependante envers l'exploitation d'hydrocarbures ? la richesse financiere tiree des hydrocarbures a-t-elle pu etre convertie en richesse productive ? repondre a ces questions a fait l'objet de notre deuxieme partie, sur les fluctuations des ressources financieres tirees de hydrocarbures, et leur impact sur l'activite economique globale. Les itneractions entre energie et materiaux constituent l'objectif de notre troisieme partie. Le materiau ciment, materiau a fort contenu energetique represente un enjeu en algerie. C'est un materiau de base pour tout projet d'industrialisation. Le materiau plastique etant issu a l'origine des hydrocarbures, ressource locale disponsible, principalement sous forme de gaz naturel, constitue a l'evidence un materiau a privilegier. En termes de contenu energetique, il est tres competitif par rapport a la quasi-totalite des materiaux traditionnels (indisponibles localement).