Situation theatrale et rurbanisation : le cas des alpes-maritimes
Institution:
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Abstract EN:
This study is concerned with the condition of theater in the alpes-maritimes with reference to the geographical distribution of towns and villages, in the area. These are scattered over three inequally urbanized zones : the over-urbanized narrow fringe stretched along the sea-shore, the hinterland countryside operating as a commuter zone to the benefit of the larger towns located on the sea front, and the far-distant non urbanized highlands which, in winter time, are deprived of cultural activities but are, during the summer period, the seat of many local festivityes. Theatral policies, theatrical styles, and also audiences, vary from one zone to the others, qualitativly as well as quantitativly. The present research focuses on the impact exerted by the national dramatical center of nice (implanted in the azureen capital, i. E. At the very heart of the urban zone) and upon the differentials between professional and amateur persuits with respect to the inequal rate of urbanization in the different zones. A census for the period 1976-1982 results in a quantified assessment of the distribution of theatrical troups and programs in correlation with geographical discrepancies in urban growth. Recourse to questionnaires permits an analysis of the publics' tastes and preference in theatrical matters, zone-wise. On the other hand, participant observation at both the level of the dramatical center in its public relation activities and the amateur troops tours during the winter and summer seasons, offers some insight as regards the former's policy, and the institutional and associative rooting of the latter at the local level, this time from within. The twofold approach consisting in taking stock of the actual situations while at the same time making record of opinions and desires, ultimately permits to relize and measure the importance of the gap that exists between the wishes and expectations of the various types of audiences and the theatrical policies as they prevail in effect. A gap which draws its origins from that existing between the range of theatrical forms, modern as well as classical, and the gradation of social layers as issued from the urban and touristicallyoriented economy of the azurean region.
Abstract FR:
L'analyse porte sur la situation theatrale des alpes maritimes dans ses rapports avec la repartition geographique des communes en trois zones d'urbanisation inegale : bande littorale fortement urbanisee, campagne d'arriere-pays faisant fonction de dortoir pour les villes littorales, haut-pays non urbanise et vide l'hiver de toute activite culturelle mais anime l'ete par des activites festives. Pratique theatrale, genre theatral, public, varient d'une zone a l'autre, tant sur le plan quantitatif que qualitatif. La recherche est centree sur l'impact exerce par le developpement du centre dramatique national de nice au coeur de la zone urbaine, et sur la relation entre theatre professionnel et theatre amateur en fonction de la croissance urbaine et du decoupage des zones. Un recensement portant sur les annees 1976 a 1982 permet de quantifier la repartition des troupes et des spectacles et de la correller avec les inegalites geographiques du developpement urbain et le degre variable du taux d'urbanisation. Des enquetes par questionnaires rendent compte des preferences et des souhaits du public en matiere de politique theatrale pour les differentes zones. D'autre part, une observation participante menee sur deux terrains : le nouveau theatre de nice dans ses activites de relations publiques, et deux troupes amateur a l'occasion de leurs tournees d'hiver et d'ete, donne un apercu de la politique du premier, et des enracinements institutionnels et associatifs locaux des secondes, la double demarche con sistant, d'un cote a prendre acte des situations de fait et, de l'autre, a faire le releve des opinions et preferences, met en evidence le fosse existant entre la pratique theatrale telle qu'elle est menee et les attitudes et attentes des differents publics. Fosse largement du au dephasage existant entre l'eventail des formes, classiques et modernes, de l'expression dramatique, et celui des milieux sociaux issus de l'economie urbaine et touristique de l'espace azureen.