thesis

Bâbâ Râmdeo, "dieu des parias" : traditions religieuses et culturelles dans une communauté d'intouchables au Rajasthan

Defense date:

Jan. 1, 1995

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Institution:

Paris 7

Disciplines:

Directors:

Abstract EN:

Baba ramdeo, egalement appele ranshah pir, est une divinite populaire de l'inde traditionnellement adoree par un groupe d'intouchables hindous, les meghwal; mais de nos jours elle est reveree pratiquement par toutes les castes et communautes religieuses du rajasthan. Son sanctuaire se presente a la fois comme un dargah ou tombeau de saint musulman et comme un temple hindou. La tradition orale des meghwal et de leurs pretres, les kamad, permet de retracer l'origine ismaelienne du personnage historique de ramdeo et de la secte qu'il fonda. Le syncretisme religieux qui caracterise le mouvement a ses debuts tend peu a peu a s'estomper au profit d'une structure nettement rehindouisee; cependant, les intouchables continuent a adorer ramdeo comme leur divinite tutelaire, et font de sa tradition une veritable "carte d'identite" de leur caste.

Abstract FR:

Baba ramdeo, also called ramshah pir, is an indian fol deity, traditionnally worshipped by a hindu group of untouchebles, the meghwals; but nowadays, his cult is equally widespread among nearly all castes and religious communities of rajasthan. His shrine appears simultaneously as a dargah or grave of a muslim saint and as a hindu temple. The oral tradtion of the meghwals and of their priests, the kamads, reveals the ismali origin of ramdeo hinself, as a historical figure, and of the sect he founded. The religious syncretism which characterizes the movement at its very beginning gradually tends to vanish and evolve towards a more and more hinduized structure; the untouchables, however, continue to worship ramdeo as their tutelary deity as far as his tradition serves to strengh then their caste identity.