Abstract EN:

In this paper, an attempt is being made to analyses the economic instability in Cameroun following years of economic growth. Since 1985, the country has entered into a new era of economic restriction and rigor. In the first part of this paper, we try to treat the causes and the consequences of the economic crises. In chapter one of part 1, these causes are shown as being endogenous, reflecting the inappropriateness of state politics vis-a-vis the economy of the country. In chapter ii, we are presented with the exogenous causes, showing that the economy of the country has been put under constraints of both internal and external public over-indebtedness. The two chapters of part b try to show the idea that, at global level; these crises have contributed to the development of informal economy, the blockage of growth, and to the aggravation of poverty. The second part is devoted to debate arising from the adoption of the politics of liberal stabilization and adjustment. In general, this study presents econometric models inspired by the works of Khan and Polak. These models serve as theoretical supporters to the Bretton woods institutions. It shows the limitations of the structural adjustment plans that had been elaborated, notably those concerning the functioning of market (situations) and the existence of an informal sector that is not well known. At the actual moment, the state is very weak, dismantled by the eight years of brutal adjustment. The economy of Cameroun is therefore a paradoxical case of a political economy administered from the above. The question of the 21st century economies of Africa is in fact to change the methods of regulation and the form of accumulation, to pass from the logic of stock-holder to that of accumulation of businesses arising from the adoption of the politics of liberal stabilization and adjustment.