Pression démographique et intensification agricole au Burundi : cas de la zone de Gatara
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Abstract EN:
Due to important growth of rural population, with a very high density, the burundian agricultural productive system has been modified. The farming system has experienced adjustement oriented toward an intensive agriculture, by the increase of the abundant resource in production - in this case, labor. However, this model of autonomous intensification point out its limitations. Farmers initiatives connot bring a durable solution. In fact, the efficiency of peasant labor is declining because of changes in capital-fertility when a land is cropped more intensively. Hance, despite an absolue growth of agricultural production, food availability per capita is rather declining. This situation jeopardizes real possibilities to generate agricultural surplus usable for economic growth.
Abstract FR:
Face a un accroissement considerable de la population rurale agricole (3% an), l'agriculture traditionnelle budundaise a subi, au cours des dernieres decennies, de profondes mutations conduisant a une intensification a base de travail. Celle-ci s'accompagne d'une nouvelle gestion des principaux facteurs de production : le travail s'ouvre a la pluriactivite tandis que la terre interiose progressivement les lois du marche. Cette adaptation du systeme productif a la croissance demographique se heurte neanmoins a des limites. Les rendements decroissants aussi bien du travail que de la terre se traduisent par une faible productivite agricole; ce qui freine toute accumulation du capital en milieu rural.