Le dieu de saint bonaventure : createur et exemplaire, un essentialisme coherent
Institution:
Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008)Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
Saint bonaventure, contemporary of saint thomas aquinas, developped his theological doctrine, using the philosophy which was available to him. His vision of reality is characterized by an essentialistic type of metaphysics. Bonaventure's essentialistic vision of reality obliges him to modify certain aspects of philosophy when he treats theological problems, such as angelic hylemorphism and the non-temporal succession in angelic duration. The understanding by bonaventure of creation as ex nihilo and extempore shows the limit of his essentialistic philosophical thinking. His exploration of the divine ideas as the exemplary source of the essential structures of created reality has to meet the difficulties proper to essentialism, such as the one and many, and ideas of evil and the imperfect. When he realized the limit of his philosophical means, he could not but have recourse to metaphors so as to explain his theological positions. We see that his serious and sincere efforts failed sometimes on account of his essentialism, but nonetheless his theological arguments are coherent within the limits of his essentialism.
Abstract FR:
Saint bonaventure, contemporain de saint thomas d'aquin, a formule sa doctrine theologique, en employant la philosophie qu'il avait a sa disposition. Sa vision de la realite est caracterisee par la metaphysique qui est un essentialisme. Sa vision essentialiste de la realite l'oblige a modifier certains aspects du philosophique, quand il traite des problemes theologiques nous en avons des exemples tels que l'hylemorphisme angelique et la succession non temporelle dans la duree des anges. La comprehension par bonaventure de la creation comme ex nihilo ex tempore, montre la limite de son instrument philosophique, qui est l'essentialisme. Son exploration des idees divines comme source exemplaire des structures essentielles de la realite creee, se heurte aux difficultes propres a l'essentialisme, telles que l'un et le multiple, les idees des maux et des imparfaits, etc. Quand il realise la limite de son outil philosophique, il ne peut faire autrement que d'avoir recours aux metaphores. Nous constatons ses efforts serieux et sinceres mis en echec de temps a autre, mais malgre cela, ses arguments theologiques sont coherents dans les limites de son essentialisme. Ce fait explique la tradition bonaventurienne dans l'histoire des idees chretiennes de l'occident.