Corps transfigurés : stratifications de l'imaginaire des sexes/genres
Institution:
Paris, EHESSDisciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The present thesis works out the passage from somatic sex difference to gender relationships. This passage is treated in terms of a transfiguration of psyche/soma into social significations and bodies. The central subjects of the investigation are psyche/soma, the process of identification of social individuals, sexuality between eros and biology, and the question of origin (from a philosophical as well as from an anthropological and psychoanalytical point of view). The stratifications of social imaginary are examined according to different modes of being. They reach from the physical/material, over the psychical and actual imaginary, to transcendent imaginary with its reifying effects, given the hypostasis inherent to that kind of imaginary, particularly in the case of +screen-imaginary of feminity;. It is a screen-imaginary in a double sense: as an obstacle (for the access of women in those social and political spheres occupied by this imaginary) as well as a plane of projection (for men projecting their feminine complement which can be mastered more easily in this homogenous form than in the presence of real women). The figuration of imaginary is also strongly marked by an asymmetry consisting in masculine hegemony of explicit figuration of society, its actual central imaginary. The stratifications of gender imaginary in the domain of philosophy (in particular plato, aristotle, levinas and the dialectics of history) is the focal theme of the second part. This part ends on the non-relevance of gender as a category of philosophy strictu sensu, i. E. As a category of universal ontology. The relevance of gender begins only at the point where philosophy depasses itself to reach into anthropology and the thinking of the social as domains sui generis of being. The third and last part is treating the gender related stratifications of civic and political imaginary (antiquity - modem times) and the segragating structures forged by this stratifications.
Abstract FR:
La these elabore le passage de la difference somatique des sexes aux rapports des sexes/genres, passage elucide notamment en termes de transfiguration du psyche-soma en significations et en corps sociaux. Les objets centraux de l'investigation sont le psyche-soma, le processus identificatoire des individus sociaux, la sexualite dans la tension entre eros et biologie, de meme que la question de l'origine (philosophie, psychanalyse, anthropologie). Les stratifications de l'imaginaire social sont examinees selon les differents modes d'etre, qui, en passant par le psychique et l'imaginaire effectif, vont du physico-materiel a l'imaginaire transcendant et aux effets immobilisants de l'hypostase qui marque cet imaginaire, notamment dans le cas de +l'imaginaire-ecran de la feminite; - imaginaire-ecran au sens double d'obstacle (pour l'acces effectif des femmes dans les espaces constitues et/ou occupes par cet imaginaire) et de surface de projection (pour les hommes, qui y projettent leur complement feminin, plus maitrisable et plus homogene que les femmes reelles). La figuration de l'imaginaire est aussi fortement marquee par une asymetrie qui reside dans l'hegemonie masculine de la figuration effective et explicite de la societe, voire de l'imaginaire central. Les stratifications de l'imaginaire des sexes/genres dans le domaine de la philosophie (notamment platon, aristote, levinas et la dialectique de l'histoire) sont l'objet de la deuxieme partie qui se termine sur la non-pertinence de la categorie de sexe/genre comme categorie philosophique au sens strict ou comme categorie d'ontologie universelle. La pertinence de cette categorie commence la ou la philosophie se depasse vers l'anthropologie et la pensee du social comme domaines sui generis de l'etre. La troisieme et derniere partie porte sur les stratifications, relatives aux sexes/genres, de l'imaginaire civique et politique (antiquite-temps modernes) et sur les structures segregationnistes marquees par ces stratifications.